7. Phraseology

Question 1

Phraseological units are also called (1)___.

Answer 1

(1)idioms

Question 2

What can you say about idioms?

Answer 2

They are the most colourful: collects past history, fairy-tales, traditions, prejudices, etc. They have no literal, but figurative meaning: “kick a bucket”.
It’s rather considered as a part of culture. Cultures are localized and are often unusable outside of that local context.

Question 3

What does “a white elephant” mean?

Answer 3

An important object.

Question 4

What are idioms proper?

Answer 4

They’re figurative, stylistically coloured: “to was one’s dirty linen in public”.

Question 5

Recall the types of phraseological units.

Answer 5

Phraseological combos. Motivated. At least one component is metaphorical to meet requirements;
Phraseological unities. Motivated. The whole thing is metaphorical: “To stick to one’s gun” (gun=opinion);
Phraseological fusions. Unmotivated. You can’t understand them without needing an explanation.

Question 6

According to POS, phraseological units can be…

Answer 6

Nominal: “cat’s paw”;
Verbal: “to rise in the world” (to succeed);
Adjectival: “Mad as March hare”;
Adverbial: “in the long run” (finally);
Prepositional: as far as, as long as, as far as I know;

Question 7

Give examples of reiteration.

Answer 7

On and on, more and more, two by two.

Question 8

Give examples of a contrast.

Answer 8

For love and money, more or less.

Question 9

Almost all idioms have a seemingly identical (1)___ of words.

Answer 9

(1) string

Question 10

What’s the difference between phraseological units and idioms?

Answer 10

Phraseological units are half-motivated and idioms are unmotivated.

Question 11

What can you say about proverbs?

Answer 11

They’re idiomatic: “early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise”.

Question 12

What are the ways of forming phraseological units?

Answer 12

On the basis of a free word group, alliteration, etc.

Question 13

Can PU (phraseological unit) belong to any POS?

Answer 13

Yes. E.g. noun (redbrick university), adjective (loose as goose), etc.

Question 14

What’s parlance in idioms?

Answer 14

The way people speak in their languages. E.g. “I have hunger” in other languages and the English idiom “I’m hungry”.

Question 15

What are phrasal verbs?

Answer 15

verb + particle/preposition/adverb
“give up”, “look after”, etc.