7. protein synthesis

Question 1

isoaccepting tRNA

Answer 1

tRNAs with different anticodons that carry the same amino acid

Question 2

aaRS

Answer 2

aminoacyl tRNA synthetase
catalyses covalent bond formation between an amino acid and tRNA

Question 3

energy source in cells

Answer 3

ATP and GTP

Question 4

kozak sequence

Answer 4

conserved sequence around AUG initiation codon in eukaryotes

Question 5

Shine-Delgano sequences

Answer 5

sequence in 5’ UTR of prokaryotic mRNAs that bind to 16S rRNA

Question 6

Polycistronis mRNA

Answer 6

mRNA that contains multiple open reading frames

Question 7

molecular mimicry

Answer 7

when two different molecules can perform similar functions because they have the same shape

Question 8

GGQ

Answer 8

sequence motif in eRF1 that catalyses release of polypeptide from ribosome

Question 9

Polysome

Answer 9

a group of ribosomes bound to a single mRNA molecule

Question 10

Integrated stress response

Answer 10

a mechanism for cells to inhibit translation in response to cellular stress

Question 11

chloramphenicol

Answer 11

antibiotic that inhibits translation (prokaryotes)

Question 12

puromycin

Answer 12

inhibitor of translation (prokaryotes and eukaryotes)

Question 13

ricin

Answer 13

inhibitor of translation (eukaryotes)

Question 14

rifampicin

Answer 14

antibiotic that inhibits transcription (prokaryotic)