7 - radiation

Question 1

does canada have nuclear energy

Answer 1

yes, in ontario

Question 2

does Saskatchewan have nuclear energy

Answer 2

no

Question 3

is nuclear power considered clean energy

Answer 3

yes because they omit no greenhouse gases, but they do require mining, extraction, and long-term radioactive waste storage

Question 4

three important concerns if you may have if you were living near a nuclear reactor power generator

Answer 4

1) radiation
2) radioactive waste disposal
3) emergency preparedness

Question 5

what is FDG

Answer 5

fluorodeoxyglucose - radiopharmaceutical used for nuclear imaging

Question 6

renewable energy vs green energy

Answer 6

renewable energy is energy which will not run out

green energy is that which does not harm the environment

most green energy sources are renewable. both tend to be zero emission and carbon footprint reducing

Question 7

which element is used to generate nuclear power

Answer 7

Ur-235 (uranium)
atomic number 92

Question 8

nuclear power is considered ____ energy because it emits no greenhouse gasses

Answer 8

clean energy

Question 9

clean energy =

Answer 9

no greenhouse gasses (clean air)

Question 10

three most important concerns if you lived in a city that had a nuclear rector

Answer 10

1. radioactive waste disposal
2. radiation exposure
3. emergency preparedness - preventing a meltdown

Question 11

T/F Saskatchewan is the 2nd largest global producer of uranium

Answer 11

true

Question 12

largest global producer of Uranium

Answer 12

Kazakhstan

Question 13

public health impacts - Chernobyl

Answer 13

20,000 cases of thyroid cancer reported in children or adolescents who were exposed, 5,000 of which were likely from those who had drank milk containing radioactive iodine after cows ate contaminated grass

Question 14

radiation dose from chernobyl

Answer 14

30 mSv (mili sievert)

Question 15

what caused the Fukushima power plant accident

Answer 15

earthquake caused a leak and it leaked into the water

Question 16

public health impact of fukushima

Answer 16

radioactive pollution of the marine environment

Question 17

two types of radiation

Answer 17

1) ionizing - has sufficient energy to remove tightly bound electrons from atoms and create ions

2) non-ionizing - has sufficient energy to move atoms in a molecule around or cause them to vibrate, but not enough to remove electrons

Question 18

sources of ionizing radiation

Answer 18

particulate energy (neutrons, energetic protons, alpha or beta particles)

OR

electromagnetic energy photons (gamma rays, x rays)

Question 19

sources of non-ionizing radiation

Answer 19

infared
microwaves
radiowaves
extreme low frequency waves (WIFI)

Question 20

four major sources of public exposure to natural radiation

Answer 20

1) cosmic radiation - outer atmosphere

2) terrestrial radiation - earths crust

3) inhalation of radioactive gases produced by minerals in soil and bedrock

4) ingestion of trace amounts of radioactive minerals found in food and water

Question 21

what defines the fundamental chemical properties of an element

Answer 21

an atom

Question 22

alpha particle

Answer 22

a helium nuclei particle
atomic number 2, atomic mass 4

can be halted by a sheet of paper

Question 23

beta particle

Answer 23

no atomic number, mass of -1
consists of electrons
can penetrate living tissue up to 2cm

Question 24

gamma radiation

Answer 24

photons that can traverse the human body

Question 25

what particle is the only particle that can make objects radioactive

Answer 25

neutrons. called neutron activation. neutron radiation primarily occurs in a nuclear reactor where many feet of water provide effective shielding

Question 26

isotope

Answer 26

same atomic number (number of protons) but different mass numbers (different number of neutrons) have similar chemical properties but different mass and therefore physical properties

Question 27

what is the most stable isotope of oxygen in our atmosphere

Answer 27

O16

Question 28

radioisotopes

Answer 28

unstable isotopes that emit radiation

Question 29

half life of a radioisotope

Answer 29

length of time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms of a specific radionuclide to decay

Question 30

two common units of radioactivity

Answer 30

Becquerel (Bq), and Curie (Ci)

Question 31

absorbed dose of radiation

Answer 31

amount of energy deposited per unit mass

Question 32

units of radiation dose

Answer 32

rad (USA unit gray (Gy) - international unit

Question 33

effective dose

Answer 33

adjusted absorbed dose for radiation type and relative organ sensitivity

Question 34

units of effective dose of radiation

Answer 34

sievert (SV), Rem (rem)

Question 35

radion

Answer 35

radioactive gas from the breakdown of uranium in soil and rock number one cause of lungcancer in non-smokers

Question 36

dose limit for occupational radiation exposure vs public exposure

Answer 36

on skin - 500 mSv/yr for occupation, 50 mSv/yr for public on hands and feet - 500 mSv/yr for occupation, not defined for public

Question 37

federal authorities for Canadian nuclear safety

Answer 37

Canadian nuclear safety commission health canada director general nuclear safety - department of national defence

Question 38

act in canada outlining radiation protection regulations

Answer 38

nuclear safety and control act

Question 39

government of Canada's vision for radioactive waste management and decomissioning four priorities

Answer 39

1. nuclear non proliferation 2. transparency and inclusivity in disucssions regarding decomissioning 3. Indigenous reconcilliation and partnerships for radioactive waste management 4. global excellence

Question 40

what is the role of the CNSC

Answer 40

Canadian nuclear safety commission protect the public and environment

Question 41

what element is used to start nuclear power reactions

Answer 41

Ur-235