7 viral infections Flashcards
(152 cards)
1
Q
herpes on shaved face
A
herpes barbae
2
Q
abraded areas in wrestlers herpes
A
herpes gladiatorum/scrumpox
3
Q
diffuse herpes infection in pts with chronic skin dzz: which dzz and whats the name
A
eczema herpeticum (Kaposi's varicelliform eruption) diffuse HSV infection in pts with pemphigs, Darier's and eczema
4
Q
characteristic varicella skin lesions
A
vesicles surrounded by erythema
dewdrop on a rose petal
5
Q
eczema herpeticum (Kaposi’s varicelliform eruption)
A
diffuse HSV infection in pts with pemphigs, Darier’s and eczema
6
Q
zoster without rash
A
zoster sine herpete
pain without vesciels in prodromic zoster
7
Q
pain without vesciels in prodromic zoster
A
zoster sine herpete
8
Q
dewdrop on a rose petal)
A
varicella rash
9
Q
herpes barbae
A
shaved face
10
Q
facial paralysis, hearing loss, vertigo
A
ramsay hunt
11
Q
chronic fatigue syndrome infx
A
mononucleosis
12
Q
paul-bunnel heterophil Ab
A
Ig that agglutinate sheep erythrocytes in mono
13
Q
Ig that agglutinate sheep erythrocytes in mono
A
paul-bunnel heterophil Ab
14
Q
3 enterovirus dzz
A
hand foot mouth
herpangina
acute lymphonodular pharyngitis
15
Q
measles aka and cause
A
rubeola, 9 day measles
paramyxovirus
16
Q
rubeola
A
measles
paramyxovirus
17
Q
measles 3 symptoms
A
coryza cough conjunctivitis
18
Q
koplik spots
A
measles
erythema with blue/white macules (grains of salt on red background)
syncytial giant cells
19
Q
erythema with blue/white macules (grains of salt on red background)
A
measles
20
Q
rubella aka and cause
A
german measles
Togavirus (rubivirus)
21
Q
congenital rubella
A
deafness, heart disease, cataracts
22
Q
forchheimer’s sign
A
rubella
small dark red papule on soft palate extending into hard palate
23
Q
testicle involvement which virus
A
mumps
epididymoorchitis
24
Q
acute self limited viral syndrome
A
nonspecific signs after HIV contact, last a few weeks
25
AIDS related complex
candida, herpes, hairy leukoplakia, LAD
26
AIDS dementia complex
CNS involvement + other indx (eg TB, CMV)
27
DILS
diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome: increased NHL risk, 2/2 CD8 infiltration
28
other name for herpetic whitlow
herpetic paronychia
29
ballooning degeneration
nuclear clearing and enlargement in viral infections
30
acantholytic epithelial cells, free floating
Tzanck
31
risk of benzocaine in children
methemoglobinemia
32
methemoglobinemia increased iatrogenic risk
benzocaine in children
33
varicella latency site
dorsal spinal ganglia
34
oral varicella site
vermilion bordr and palate
| white vesicles --> rupture
35
gingival involvement varicella vs herpes
varicella relatively painless
36
mnost common complication of varicella in children
skin infections
37
most common complicatin of varicella in adults
pneumonitits
38
phasees of zozter
prodrome, acute (vesicles), chronic (post-herpeitc neuralgia)
39
zoster most common site
66% thoracic dermatome
40
oral zoster spectrum
white opaque vesicels that rupture
| bone necrosis with loss of teeth 2/2 blood vessel damage
41
zoster on tip of nose
nasociliary branch of trigeminal nerve
42
post herpatic neuralgia how common
15%, 1-6 months after rash
43
mononucleosis presentation
fever, prominent cervical LAD, oropharyngeal tonsillar enlargement, soft palatal petechiae
NUG like lesions
44
CMV histo
owl eye (PAS and GMS +) in vascular endothelium and salivary ductal epithelium
45
tx for CMV
ganciclovir; foscarnet 2nd line
46
CMV oral
```
acute sialadenitis (xerostomia, swelling, pain)
chornic ulcerations (often coinf with HSV)
```
47
enteroviruses h&n patterns
herpangina: 2-6 lesions (vesicles then ulcers) in posterior soft palate
hand foot mouth: 1-30 lesions (vesciles then ulcers) not confined to posterior mouth
Acute lymphonodular pharyngitis: 1-5 nodules (lymphoid aggregates), no vesiculation or ulceration
48
measles aka and cause
aka rubeola aka 9 day measles
| paramyxovirus Morbillivirus
49
measles classic presentation
3Cs: cough, cnjunctivitis (1 stage), rash (2 stage); rash and fever subside (3 stage)
50
koplik spots where when what
measles
erythema w small blue/white macules (grains of salt on red background)
foci of epithelial necrosis
1 stage of measles
51
oral presentation of measles
koplik spots
| candidiasis, NUG and necrotizing stomatitis (if malnourished)
52
neuro complication of measles
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
| personality changes, seizures, coma, death
53
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
after measles
| personality changes, seizures, coma, death
54
measles histo
syncytial giant cells, Warthin Finkeldey giant cells (multinucleated giant lymphocytes)
55
multinucleated giant lymphcytes
Warthin Finkeldey in measles
56
rubella aka and cause
aka german measles aka 3 day measles
| togavirus (rubivirus)
57
congenital rubella
deafness, heart dz, cataracts
58
mumps cause and classic look
```
paramyxovirus (rubulavirus)
SG enlargement (75% bilateral, usually parotid)
```
59
most common findings in mumps (2)
```
SG enlargement (75% bilateral, usually parotid)
epididymoorchitis (testicle involvmenet in 25% pts)
```
60
intraoral mumps
swelling/redness of whartons and stensens duct, enlargement of FOM
61
normal and HIV CD4/CD8 ratio
normal 0.9-1.9
| HIV more CD8
62
initial HIV infx
asymptomatic or acute response (50-70%, 1-6 weeks, ~ mononucleosis, lasts a few weeks then asymptomatic period)
63
AIDS related complex
chronic fever, weight loss, diarrhea, oral candidiasis, zoster, OHL
after acute response bu before overt AIDS
64
overt AIDS
ARC (AIDS related complex) + opportunistic infections (50% pneumonia; also CMV, HSV, fungal, toxo)
65
opportunistic infections in overt AIDS
(50% pneumonia; also CMV, HSV, fungal, toxo)
66
best marker for transition to AIDS
viremia
67
AIDS dementia complex
CNS invovlement - progressive encephalopathy
68
oral manifestations assoc w HIV
candidiasis, hairy leukplakia, Kaposi, NHL, periodontal dz (NUG, NUP, linear gingival erythema, pain)
69
OHL histo
balloon cells and nuclear beading (peripheral margination of chromatin)
70
balloon cells and peripheral margination of chromatin
OHL
71
most common opportunistic viral pathogen in AIDS
CMV
72
lymphadenopathy in AIDS
present >3 months, involves 2+ extra inguinal sites
| persistent and generalized
73
2nd most common malignancy in AIDS
NHL
60x greater chance
CNS most common site
74
hyperpigmentation in AIDS where and why
skin, nails, mucosa
| meds, adrenal gland destruction, idiopathic
75
HIV associated salivary gland dz
parotid enlargement (60% bilateral) = LAD
looks like BLEL
multiple epithelium lined cystic spaces w reactive lymphoid stroma
p24 core Ag of HIV can be shown in dendritic cells
76
DILS in AIDS what is and risks;
progression
treatment
```
diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome
increased NHL risk
2/2 CD8 infiltration
--> lymphoepithelial cyst formation
can affect lyung
tx: prednisone
```
77
HSV in AIDS
same prevalence but widespread, atypical, and longer duration
78
HPV in HIV
additional variants: 7 *butcher's wart and 32 (Heck's)
79
most commno fungal infx in HIV
histoplasmosi
80
aphthae in HIV
more -- herpetiform and major
81
HSV genome
dsDNA, linear, enveloped. 4 layers
82
Pox genome
largest dsDNA
83
Hep B genome
smallest DNA, not a full ds (one shorter)
84
adenovirus genome
largest dsDNA nonenveloped
85
HPV genome
dsDNA circular non enveloped
86
Hep A genome
ssRNA linear nonenveloped
87
Hep C genome
+ssRNA enveloped
88
Hep D genome
ssRNA circular enveloped (needs Hep B)
89
hep E genome
+ssRNA non enveloped
90
paramyxovirus genome
-ssRNA non segmented
91
enterovirus genome
+ssRNA
92
polio genome
+ssRNA non enveloped, simple
| enterovirus
93
HIV genome
ssRNA spherical enveloped (p24)
94
SARS genome
RNA
95
west nile river virus genome
RNA
96
HSV layers
Core: dsDNA
Capsisd: capsomeres
Tegument: viral enzymes
Envelope
97
EM and HSV
Core: dsDNA
Capsisd: capsomeres
Tegument: viral enzymes
Envelope
98
HSV and HIV
HSV 2 is associated with a 2 fold increase in HIV
99
poss conifections in HSV ulcers
CMV
100
tzanck cells what and where
```
Free floating epithelial cells
HSV
VZV
Pemphigus
warty dyskeratoma
```
101
rash spread in varicella
begins on facce and trunk, then spreds to extremities
102
wild type varicella in immunized pt
breakthrough infx
103
oral and skin lesions in varicella
perioral and oral fairly common, precede skin lesions
104
frequency of oral involvement in varicella
25%
105
complications of VZV in children and adults
Complication in children : 2ry skin infections
| Complication in adults: Pneumonitis
106
hutchinson sign in zoster
Lesions on tip of nose indicate involvement of nasociliary branch of trigeminal
107
zoster esions on tip of nose
indicate involvement of nasociliary branch of trigeminal
| hutchinson sign
108
chronic phase of zoster
postherpetic neuralgia
Persistent pain after resolution of rash 1-3 m ( minimum)
Resolution 2m-1yr ( rare 20 yrs)
109
postherpetic neuralgia how soon and how long
Persistent pain after resolution of rash 1-3 m ( minimum)
| Resolution 2m-1yr ( rare 20 yrs)
110
reye syndrome
viral infx + aspirin
111
viral infx + aspirin
reye syndrome
112
ramsey hunt syndrome aka
(Nervus Intermedius Neuralgia / Geniculate Neuralgia
113
rash in ramsey hunt
skin of ear / external auditory canal (EAC)
114
ramsey hunt classic presentation
Acute peripheral facial neuropathy
Rash on skin of ear / external auditory canal (EAC)
Loss of taste buds in ant 2/3
Ipsilateral facial paralysis , hearing deficit, vertigo
115
ramsey hunt ganglion
geniculate
116
EBV causes what? (x6)
Oral Hairy Leukoplakia (OHL)
Burkitt Lymphoma
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC)
Salivary Lymphoepithelial Carcinoma (SLEC)
Gastric, breast, and hepato carcinoma
Mononucleosis;Mono;Glandular fever;kissing disease
117
classic mono and cause
Fever/ fatigue/anorexia
Bilateral Lymphadenopathy
Oropharyngeal tonsillar enlargement
EBV and CMV
118
EBV vs CMV mono
CMV mono - Heterophil AB negative (vs EBV mono)
119
clinical symptoms of EBV
```
Fever
Lymphadenopathy
Pharyngitis
Hepatosplenomegaly
Rhinitis / cough
```
120
common intraoral of EBV mono
NUG
121
chronic fatigue syndrome main symptoms and poss association
profound fatigue >6 m, Pharyngitis main symptom
poss EBV
122
establish dx of EBV mono
Paul-Bunnell test and rapid slide agglutination (monospot)
123
latency site for CMV
SG / endothelium/ macrophages / lymphocytes
124
EBV aka
HHV4
125
CMV aka
HHV5
126
HHV5 aka
CMV
127
HHV4 aka
EBV
128
CMV to baby routes
Pass placenta, during delivery, during breast feeding
129
symptomatic CMV infx frequecncy
90% of CMV are asymptomatic
130
CMV effect on teeth
Tooth defect such as enamel hypoplasia, attrition, yellow coloration
131
roseola cause and other names
(exanthema subitum 6th disease )
| most often caused by HHV6 but can occur with HHV7
132
HHV 6 causes what
roseola
133
HHV 7 causes what
roseola
134
exanthema subitum what is
roseola, 6th dz
| HHV6 and 7
135
6th dz what is
roseola, exanthema subitum
| HHV 6 and 7
136
which entoriviruses cause herpangina
Cox A1-A6, A8, A10, A22; Found in palate and tonsil
137
which entoriviruses cause hand foot mouth
Cox A16 most common
| entero 71 (asia-pacific)
138
Beau lines
nail loss or ridges
| hand foot mouth dz
139
where intraorally HFM dz
anterior
140
acute lymphonodular pharyngitis cause
Cox A10
141
rubeola vs rubella aka and duration
Rubeola (measles) = 9 days measles
| Rubella ( German measles)=3 days measles
142
rubeola vs rubella type of virus
ribeola paramyxovirus, rubella togavirus
143
3Cs which virus and what is
measles
| coryza, cough, conjunctivitis
144
koplik spots
measles
145
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
delayed complication after initial measles
146
congenital rubella
deafness (most common), heart disease, cataracts
147
rubeola vs rubella oral signs
rubeola (measles) - koplik
| rubella - Forscheimer sign
148
paramyxovirus 3 dzz (one obscure)
mumps, measles, pagets
149
acute rertoviral syndrome how long and like what, how often
Acute phase of HIV, 1-6 wks after exposure, resembles mono (70%
of patients)
150
AIDS related complex (ARC)
chronic fever, weight loss, diarrhea, oral candida, HSV, OHL
151
AIDS dementia complex
progressive encephalopathy / neurological problems
152
Immune reconstruction syndrome:
worsening of HIV/AIDS with cART
