Professionalism and Bioethics

Question 1

define beneficence, nonmaleficence, utility and justice

Answer 1

• beneficence: act in patient interest
• nonmaleficence: avoid harming patient
• utility: balance benefit and harm
• justice: be fair

Question 2

describe paternalism

Answer 2

the view that “doctor knows best”

Question 3

describe deontological, consequential and virtue-based theories

Answer 3

• duty-based, deontological
  
  • act in ways that fulfill your moral obligations
  • keep promises, obey rules
  • respect the intrinsic value of human life
• outcome-based, consequential
  
  • act in ways that maximze outcomes
  • consider consequences
  • maximize benefits
  • choose the least harmful action
  • prevent suffering
• virtue-based
  
  • act from virtuous character and intention