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Human Anatomy I > Week 5 Lecture Material > Flashcards

Week 5 Lecture Material Flashcards

1
Q

Os Coxae

A

comprised of the ilium, ischium and pelvis

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2
Q

What bones are the bony pelvis composed of

A

the Os Coxae, and the sacrum and the coccyx and the pubic symphysis.

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3
Q

What are the boundaries of the pelvis cavity

A 
the pelvic inlet (superior opening) and the pelvic outlet is enclosed by the pelvis diaphragm. 
anterior walls (bodies of the pubic rami and pubic symphysis
lateral walls: hip bones and obturator internus
posterior walls: sacrum, coccyx, SI joint and ligaments.
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4
Q

False pelvis

A

above the pubic inlet (from L5/S1 to the pubic symphysis.

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5
Q

True pelvis

A

between the pelvic inlet and outlet

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6
Q

pelvic inlet and outlet

A

the inlet is from L5/S1 to the pubic symphysis and the outlet is from the pubic symphysis to the coccyx.

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7
Q

the mid plane line of the pelvis is from which two points

A

the ischial spines.

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8
Q

the obturator canal is ___ to the obturator internus

A

superior

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9
Q

what passes through the obturator canal

A

the obturator nerve

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10
Q

what two ligaments make the greater and lesser sciatic notches

A

sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments.

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11
Q

Describe the male verse the female pelvis

A

male: thick and heavy, inlet is heart shaped, outlet is small, and the arch is narrow. The foramen is round and the acetabulum is large.
female: thin and light, inlet is oval, outlet is large, arch is wide and foramen is oval. Acetabulum is small.

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12
Q

Pubic arch or subpubic angle in a male pelvis is about what degree and what about in a female

A

les than 70 for males and more than 80 in females.

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13
Q

Pelvic floor. Where does is stretch from? what shape is it? what muscles make it up?

A

funnel shaped pelvic diaphragm. consists of the levator ani and coccygeus.
From the pubis anteriorly to the coccyx posteriorly and from the walls of the pelvis on each side.

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14
Q

Muscles of the levator ani

A

iliococcygeus, pubococcygeus, and the puborectalis.

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15
Q

the piriformis exits what?

A

the greater sciatic foramen.

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16
Q

the sacrospinous ligament is ___ to the coccygeus

A

deep

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17
Q

the iliococcygeus goes from the ___ to attach to the ___

A

ilium to the coccyx.

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18
Q

of the levator ani, which is the most posterior

A

most posterior is the coccygeus

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19
Q

what are the Origin, insertion and innervation of the levator ani muscles

A

origin: body of pubis, obturator fascia, ischial spine.
Inserts: coccyx
innervation: nerve to levator ani (S3, S4)

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20
Q

Action of the levator ani

A

forms the muscular sling to support the abdominopelvic viscera, holds pelvic viscera in position, and assists with cavity compression like during coughing and sneezing

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21
Q

where does the puborectalis go from

A

from the pubic bone to the coccyx.

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22
Q

Coccygeus

A

Origin: ischial spine
Insertion: inf. end of sacrum and coccyx
Innervation: branches of S4 and S5
Action: supports pelvic viscera, and forms part of the diaphragm.

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23
Q

Puborectalis

A

forms a sling to keep the rectum shut so poop doesn’t fly out. Usually at an 80 degree angle.

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24
Q

when there is excessive relaxation of the pelvic floor, what kind of herniations occur

A

rectocele (herniation of the rectum) and cystocele (herniation of the bladder, urethra and vaginal wall)

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25
Q

What is the main supply to the pelvic region

A

internal iliac artery.

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26
Q

What are the two branches of the internal iliac artery

A

the anterior (obturator, pudendal, and inferior gluteal) and posterior (superior gluteal, iliolumbar, lateral sacral)

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27
Q

the external iliac artery will turn into the ___ artery

A

femoral.

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28
Q

what is the main supplier of blood to the muscles of the pelvic diaphragm

A

the inferior gluteal artery

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29
Q

where does the inferior gluteal artery exit through. what does it supply

A

the greater sciatic foramen. supplies the gluteal region.

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30
Q

the inferior gluteal artery exits through the____ which is ___ to the piriformis

A

greater sciatic foramen and inferior to the piriformis.

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31
Q

what does the iliolumbar artery supply

A

the ilium and the posterior spine.

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32
Q

median sacral artery runs ___ the sacrum

A

down the anterior side

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33
Q

what are the muscles that attach on the anterior and lateral superior part of the femur

A

the piriformis, the gluteal minimus, obturator interns, and quadrates femoris

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34
Q

what muscles attach at the distal part of the femur.

A

the popliteus, gastroc (long and median head), PCL, ACL, adductor Magnus

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35
Q

what attaches to the superior part of the tibia?

A

meniscus, PCL, pes asnerines (sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosis) and the soleus

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36
Q

which part of the patella has the larger articular surface?

A

the lateral part.

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37
Q

which side condyle of the femur is taller?

A

the lateral part.

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38
Q

what compartment of the thigh is the demoralized triangle located in

A

the anterior

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39
Q

the femoral triangle is located in the ___ thigh just _____ to the ___

A

anterior, just inferior to the inguinal ligament

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40
Q

What are the boundaries of the femoral traingle

A

superior: inguinal ligament
lateral: sartorius
medial: adductor longus
roof: fascia lata
floor: iliopsoas and pectineus

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41
Q

where does the inguinal ligament go from

A

the ASIS to the pubic tubercle

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42
Q

the adductor hiatus is a passageway for the ___ artery and vein which will then turn into the ___ artery and vein

A

femoral, then popliteus

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43
Q

What are other names for the adductor canal

A

the hunters canal or the subsartorius canal

44
Q

the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh passes over which muscle

A

the sartorius

45
Q

the femoral artery and vein are extension of what?

A

the external iliac artery and vein

46
Q

is the great saphenous vein deep or superficial

A

superficial

47
Q

what is housed in the femoral triangle.

A

the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. the femoral nerve. the femoral artery and vein in a femoral sheath. profound femoris artery

48
Q

the profound femoris artery gives rise to which arteries

A

the lateral and medial femoral circumflex arteries

49
Q

the profound femoris is the main supplier of what

A

the thigh

50
Q

the medial and lateral femoral circumflex arteries are the main suppliers to

A

the head and neck of the femur.

51
Q

the femoral artery will become the ___ artery

A

the popliteal

52
Q

the saphenous artery will enter the sheath at the

A

saphenous opening.

53
Q

the median circumflex goes between what two muscles

A

the iliopsoas and the pectinous

54
Q

what is the femoral canal

A

in the femoral sheath for lymphatics.

55
Q

What is the venous system of the LE

A

the dorsal venous arch, great saphenous, perforating branches.

56
Q

How does blood flow (superficial to deep?)

A

it goes superficial to deep

57
Q

what are the point of valves

A

to fill blood above them to fight reflux and work against gravity.

58
Q

what does the great saphenous vein drain into

A

the femoral vein

59
Q

what does the small saphenous drain into

A

the popliteal vein

60
Q

from the dorsal venous arch…

A

can go to small saphenous, popliteal, femoral. or from dorsal to great saphenous to femoral.

61
Q

Adductor canal. what passes here

A

fascia tunnel in anterior thigh. femoral vessels to the popliteal fossa (posterior knee)

62
Q

where is the adductor canal location

A

where the sartorius passes the adductor longs, and ends at the adductor hiatus

63
Q

where is the adductor hiatus located

A

in the tendon of the adductor Magnus.

64
Q

what is in the adductor canal

A

the femoral artery and vein, saphenous nerf and cutaneous branch

65
Q

when the femoral artery and vein passes through the adductor hiatus it changes its name to

A

the popliteal artery and vein.

66
Q

what separates the anterior medial and posterior thigh compartments

A

the intermuscluar septa.

67
Q

What kind of muscles are in the anterior thigh, and what is its nerve innervation

A

the leg extensors, and the femoral nerve

68
Q

What kind of muscles are in the medial thigh, and what is its nerve innervation

A

adductors and obturator nerve

69
Q

What kind of muscles are in the posterior thigh, and what is its nerve innervation

A

leg flexors and hip extensors. and Sciatic nerve

70
Q

between what two compartments is the adductor canal found

A

the anterior and medial

71
Q

the subcostal nerve

A

supplies the lateral aspect of the anterior thigh and the greater trochanter (T12)

72
Q

Iliohypogastric

A

(T12-L1). lateral branch skin over superolateral butt, and the anterior branch to the skin of pubis.

73
Q

ilioinguinal

A

L1. through inguinal ring, inferior pelvis and proximal medial thigh.

74
Q

genitofemoral

A

pelvis, medial inferior to inguinal ligament.

75
Q

Lateral femoral cutaneous

A

lateral and anterior parts of skin of thigh. under lateral aspect of inguinal ligament. greater trochanter to just proximal of knee.

76
Q

Femoral nerve. what about muscles

A

innervates skin anterior and medial thigh. ONLY INN MUSCLES IN ANTERIOR

77
Q

anterior femoral cutaneous

A

from femoral nerve in triangle.runs along sartorius, innervates skin anterior and medial thigh.

78
Q

Muscles in the anterior compartment

A

the rectus femoris, the vastus intermedialis, lateralis, medialis. sartorius and iliopsoas and pectineus

79
Q

what muscle of the anterior thigh is the only one that passes over the hip

A

the rectus femoris.

80
Q

which muscle is around the shaft of the femur

A

the vastus intermedialis

81
Q

what is the articularis genus

A

the deep muscle that pulls on the patellar bursa so its not pinched under the patella during leg extension.

82
Q

Recuts Femoris

A

O: anterior iliac spine and rim of acetabulum
I: tibial tuberosity (patellar lig)
N: femoral n
A: flex hip, extend knee

83
Q

Vastus intermedialis

A

O: anterior surface of femur
I: tibial tuberosity (patellar lig)
N: femoral n
A: extend knee

84
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

O: lateral surface of femur
I: tibial tuberosity (patellar lig)
N: femoral n
A: extend knee

85
Q

Vastus medialis

A

O: medial surface of femur and tendon for add Magnus
I: tibial tuberosity (patellar lig)
N: femoral n
A: extend knee, controls patellar tracking

86
Q

Sartorius

A

O: ASIS
I: superior end of medial surface of tibia (pes anserine)
N: femoral n
A: flex hip, laterally rotate, weak abductor and weak knee extender.

87
Q

Pectineus

A

O: pectineal line of superior ramus of pubis
I: pectineal line femur
N: femoral n
A: flex hip, adduct

88
Q

Muscles of the medial compartment

A

the gracilis, the adductor longus, Magnus and bravis

89
Q

What nerve innervates the medial compartment

A

obturator

90
Q

Adductor longus

A

O: body pubis
I: distal 2/3 linea aspera
N: obturator n
A: flex hip, adduct

91
Q

Gracilis

A

O: inferior ramus pubis
I: medial tibia (pes anserine)
N: obturator n
A: flex hip, adduct

92
Q

Adductor Magnus

A

O: tuberosity and ramus of ischium
I: linea aspera and adductor tubercle
N: obturator n and tibial portion sciatic
A: flex hip, adduct, extends thigh

93
Q

adductor brevis

A

O: inferior ramus pubis
I: femur
N: obturator n
A: flex hip, adduct

94
Q

what are the openings in the adductor Magnus for

A

the profound femoral arteries.

95
Q

what passes through the adductor hiatus

A

the femoral artery and vein

96
Q

what is the pes anserine

A

the medial superior part of the tibia where the sartorius, gracilis and semitendinosis attach (SGT) that anterior to posterior.

97
Q

the femoral artery is ___ to the inguinal ligament

A

inferior

98
Q

the profound femoris artery has…

A

perforations in the adductor Magnus.

99
Q

the profound femoris branches into

A

medial and lateral femoral circumflex

100
Q

The lateral femoral circumflex is under what muscle. supplies what?

A

rectus femoris and anterior hip

101
Q

the medial circumflex is between what two muscles and supplies what

A

the iliopsoas and pectineus. supplies the posterior hip.

102
Q

the profound femoris anastomosis with what artery

A

the popliteal.

103
Q

the intermediate cutaneous nerve is in what part of the thigh

A

anterior.

104
Q

the femoral nerve is behind what two muscles and under what ligament

A

the psoas and ilacus and the inguinal ligament

105
Q

where does the obturartor nerve exit

A

though the canal and obturator externus.

Human Anatomy I (15 decks)

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