Antifungal Agents Flashcards
Drugs for Systemic Fungal Infections
Amphotericin B Flucytosine Ketoconazole Fluconazole Itraconazole Caspofungin
Drugs for Superficial Mycoses
Griseofulvin
Terbinafin
Topical Drugs for Superficial Fungal Infections
Nystatin
Clotrimazole
Binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes, Fungicidal
Drug for systemic fungal infections
SE: Infusion reactions, RTA with magnesium and potassium wasting
Additive nephrotoxicity with aminoglycosides
Amphotericin B
Pyrimidine antimetabolite
Permease converted to 5-FU which inhibits Thimidylate Synthase, fungistatic
Selective toxicity due to low levels of permease and deaminase in mamallian cells
Flucytosine
Glucocorticoid synthesis inhibitor
Blocks ergosterol synthesis, fungistatic
Drug for Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, dermatophytosis
SE: Drug interactions, gynecomastia
Narrow antifungal spectrum
CYP450 INHIBITOR
Limited to topical use due to systemic toxicity
Ketoconazole
Inhibits ergosterol synthesis, fungistatic
Drug for Candidiasis, Coccidiomycosis, Cryptococcal meningitis (DOC)
Fluconazole
Inhibits ergosterol synthesis, fungistatic
Drug for blastomycosis, sporotrichosis, dermatophytosis, Alternative for infections due to aspergillus, coccidioides, cryptococcus and histoplasma
SE: rash, hepatotoxicity
Itraconazole
Echinocandin
Inhibits beta-glucan synthase, decreasing fungal cell wall synthesis, fungistatic
Drug for disseminated and mucocutaneous candidiasis, salvage therapy for invasive aspergillosis
SE: Flushing
Caspofungin
(Andulafungin, Micafungin)
LAHAT NG -FUNGIN
Interferes with microtubule function, inhibits synthesis and polymerization of nucleic acids, fungistatic
Drug for Dermatophytosis
SE: Disulfiram reaction, drug interactions
Accumulates in Keratin
CYP450 INDUCER
Contraindciated in porphyria
Griseofulvin
Inhibits Squalene Oxidase, fungicidal
Drug for Dermatophytosis, Onychomycosis
SE: Taste disturbances
Accumulates in keratin
Terbinafine
Polyene Binds to ergosterols, fungicidal Drug for candidiasis SE: Nephrotoxicity Minimal mucocutaneous absorption Available as swish and swallow preparation
Nystatin
Azole
Inhibits ergosterol synthesis, fungistatic
Drug for mucocutaneous candidiasis, dermatophytosis, seborrheic dermatitis, pityriasis versicolor
Limited to topical use because of systemic toxicity
Clotrimazole
