Chapter 16 - The Bauhaus and the New Typography Flashcards
The Bauhaus
(1919-1924) German design school that sought a union of art and technology in all arts and design; they merged applied arts with fine art.
German architect, founder of the Bauhaus School
Walter Gropius
Laszlo Moholy-Nagy
Hungarian constructivist, he influenced the development of art foundation courses at the Bauhaus. His focus was legibility with typography and experimentation with photography.
Herbert Bayer
Was a student and teacher at the Bauhaus school; he designed a “universal alphabet” that the later typeface Univers was based on. Bayer argued that upper case and lower case letters were incompatible.
How typographic paragraphs are aligned to the left or the right.
Justification
Visual Hierarchy
Theory that the content in a design is ordered according to prominence, position, with no elements competing for equal visual dominance.
Berlin architect, the Bauhaus director up until its closing by the Nazis. He greatly influenced modern American architectural design.
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
“Less is More”
van der Rohe theory regarding simplicity in design
Eric Gill
A complex and colorful figure who defies categorization in the history of graphic design. His activities encompassed stonemasonry, inscription, sculpture, wood engraving, typeface design, lettering, book design. He mixed a modern sense of order with medieval-style woodcuts in his book design; He argues for a “ragged right” organization to text.
Viennese sociologist who developed a system of elementary pictographs: inventor of ISOTYPE
Otto Neurath
ISOTYPE
Began in the 1920’s: International System of Typographic Picture Education.
Dingbat
Also known as a printer ornament, is a typesetting spacer or character that includes arrows, pointing hands, stars, fleurons, etc.*
Swiss photographer/designer who used photomontage, and jarring changes in scale.
Herbert Matter
