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infection > 7.1 Genital tract sexually T INFECTIONS > Flashcards

7.1 Genital tract sexually T INFECTIONS Flashcards

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1
Q

Name 4 commonly diagnosed STIs:

A
  • chlamydia (49%)
  • first episode genital warts (13%)
  • gonorrhoea (13%)
  • first episode genital herpes (8%)
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2
Q

Pathogen of chlamydia ?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

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3
Q

Chlamydia pathogen type ?

A

obligate intracellular GN bacteria

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4
Q

Chlamydia:
1. typically infects where in men & women
2. can also infect where ?

A
  1. men = urethra, women = cervix/urethra
  2. conjunctiva , rectum, nasopharynx
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5
Q

% asymptomatic in women and men for chlamydia ?

A

women 70% , men 50%

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6
Q

men, women , rectal

Chlamydia presentation ?

A

Men
* dysuria
* urethral discharge
* epididymo-orchitis

Women
* abnormal discharge
* unscheduled bleeding
* dysuria
* cervicitis
* pelvic inflammatory disease

Rectal
* proctitis (inflammation of the lining of the rectum)
* discharge

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7
Q

Chlamydia management

A

doxycycline

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8
Q

Pathogen causing lymphogranuloma venereum

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

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9
Q

What is lymphogranuloma venereum associated with ?

A
  • small skin lesion
  • regional lymphadenopathy
  • severe proctitis
  • rectal discharge
  • tenesmus (frequent urge to go to bathroom without being able to go)
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10
Q
  1. endemic of lymphogranuloma venereum which countries ?
  2. In US, europe, australia it’s associated with which people group ?
A
  1. african, india, SEA
  2. GBMSM and HIV+
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11
Q

Gonorrhoea pathogen ?

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- GN diplococcus

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12
Q

gonorrhoea :
1. primarily affects age and population group?
2. associated with what complications ?

A
  1. < 25y and GBMSM
  2. pregnancy complications
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13
Q

men , women

Gonorrhoea presentation ?

A

Men
* dysuria (painful/uncomfortable urination )
* muco-purulent urethral discharge

Women
* abnormal discharge (thin, watery, green/yellow)
* dyspareunia (painful intercourse)
* endocervical discharge, cervical bleeding

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14
Q

Gonorrhoea management ?

A

ceftriaxone IM

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15
Q

Trichomoniasis caused by ?

A

protozoan parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis

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16
Q

Presentation of trichomoniasis that’s 2% of women

A

strawberry cervix

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17
Q

Trichomoniasis:
1. > 90% diagnosed in ?
2. Up to …% men and women are asymptomatic

A
  1. women
  2. 50
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18
Q

men, women

Presentation of Trichomoniasis

A

Men
* dysuria (painful urination )

Women
* abnormal discharge (classic frothy/yellow discharge, ‘fishy’ smelling )
* vulva itching / pain
* dyspareunia (painful intercourse)

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19
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis management ?

A

metronidazole

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20
Q

Genital herpes infection caused by ?

A

herpes simplex virus (HSV) - 2 types (HSV-1 and HSV-2)

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21
Q

Both HSV-1 and HSV-2 are causes of genital herpes infection , what is HSV-1 also associated with ?

A
  • gingivostomatitis
  • cold sores
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22
Q

Genital herpes reactivation associated with ?

A
  • trauma
  • UV light (e.g. sun bathing, tanning beds)
  • HIV
  • immunocompromise
  • psychological stress
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23
Q

Genital herpes simplex presentation ?

A
  • painful crops of genital blisters (clusters of blisters)
  • ‘tingling’ or burning pain
  • lesions localised to dermatome
  • redness
  • dysuria
  • proctitis
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24
Q

Genital herpes simplex is transmission with ..1.. but infectious ….2.. shedding

A
  1. asymptomatic
  2. viral
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25
Genital herpes management ?
Acyclovir
26
Genital warts include benign, proliferative growths in which areas ?
* genital * perineal (area between the pubic symphysis and coccyx ) * anal * perianal (area surrounding anus)
27
Genital warts is generally ..1.. but. can be ..2..
1. asymptomatic 2. painful
28
genital warts most commonly HPV genotype ?
6 and 11
29
Genital warts: 1. ~92% cases in ? 2. peak age of prevalence ? 3. diagnosed mainly how ?
1. heterosexual men and women 2. 20-24 3. clinical diagnosis
30
genital warts management ?
* surgical excision * cryotherapy
31
1. Infection type of molluscum contagiosum 2. what it's caused by ?
1. general skin infection 2. DNA poxvirus
32
9/10 cases of molluscum contagiosum occur in children due to non-sexual skin contact , therefore why is it considered a sexual transmitted infection ?
Since it's spread through skin contact it can also be transmitted during sexual intercourse
33
Management of molluscum contagiosum ?
generally harmless and gets better in a few months without any specific treatment
34
what's not indicated with molluscum contagiosum ?
contact tracing
35
pubic lice infestation (pediculosis pubis) is caused by ?
Phthirus pubis
36
What is phthirus pubis ?
an obligate ectoparasite that causes pediculosis pubis
37
Phthirus pubis ? 1. usually found on ? 2. also known as ?
1. pubic and perianal hairs 2. 'crab's bcos of crab like shape
38
pediculosis pubis is spread and presents how ?
* spread through sexual contact * presents as general itching, worse at night
39
pubic lice management ?
permethrin cream
40
What causes scabies ?
human itch mite Sarcoptes scabiei
41
Action of sarcoptes scabiei ?
burrows into human skin and lay eggs
42
Scabies ... 1. acquired how ? 2. what's worse at night ? 3. Presentations usually seen where?
1. frequently sexual 2. generalised itching (type 4 hypersensitivity reaction) 3. upper medial aspects of thighs, penis, scrotum
43
scabies management ?
permethrin cream
44
Syphilis cause ?
spirochete bacterium Treponema pallidum
45
Presentations during each stage of syphilis ?
1. primary - painless ulcer (chancre) on the genital area 2. secondary - lymphadenopathy, macropapular rash, condylomata lata, fever, headache 3. latent - no current clinical features 4. tertiary - cardiac disease (angina, heart failure) , neurological disease (meningitis, cranial nerve defects, infarction)
46
duration of primary syphilis?
~ 12 weeks
47
duration of secondary syphilis ?
1-6 months
48
early latent syphilis duration ?
< 2 years
49
late latent syphilis duration ?
> 2 years
50
tertiary syphilis duration ?
> 5 years
51
management for syphilis ?
benzylpenicillin IM
52
Mgen long version ?
Mycoplasma genitalium
53
Mgen commonly associated with what in ? 1. men 2. women
1. urethritis 2. cervicitis
54
Features of bacteria mycoplasma genitalium ?
* slowly growing bacteria * lacks a cell wall therefore can't culture/ gram stain or use beta-lactam antibiotics
55
1. Mgen impacts what ? 2. with increased risk of ?
1. pregnancy outcome 2. preterm birth, spontaneous abortion, PID, infertility
56
Presentations of Mgen in Men & women ?
Men: dysuria, testicular pain Women: vaginal discharge, lower abdominal pain, abnormal vaginal bleeding
57
Management for Mgen ?
doxycycline , azithromycin
58
Mpox is what disease ? cause by what ?
Rare disease , caused by Monkeypox virus ds DNA virus
59
Presentation of Mpox ?
most cases mild symptoms small lesions on : * hands * mouth * genitals * anus
60
Recovery period for Mpox ?
2-4 weeks
61
Risk level of HPV 16 & 18 ? and what it's risk for ?
* high risk * cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, cervical carcinoma
62
genital HPV infection influence by what activity ?
sexual
63
HPV infection most common in what age and group ?
sexually active young women 18-30 years old
64
age range that cervical cancer more common in ?
> 35 yr
65
what does cervical screening test for ?
high risk HPV
66
what cancers can HPV also cause ?
* oropharyngeal * anal * penile
67
What is HIV ?
retrovirus that can lead to AIDS
68
what does HIV reduce ?
CD4+ T cell count in body leading to opportunistic infections
69
1. In most cases how is HIV transmitted ? 2. how can it also be transmitted ?
1. sexually 2. pregnancy, childbirth, blood transfusion
70
How is hepatitis B transmitted ?
* perinatally * sexual contact * needle sharing in IVDU
71
How is hepatitis C transmitted ?
* perinatally * needle sharing
72
hepatitic C can be transmitted perinatally and associated with ..1..., .2... people and people with ..3... , needle sharing
1. GBMSM 2. HIV positive 3. multiple partners
73
Hepatitis B and C presentation ?
* malaise * poor appetite * RUQ (right upper quadrant) pain * jaundice * may be asymptomatic

infection (33 decks)

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