Lecture 6 - Energy for Movement

Question 1

What do carbs, fats and proteins provide?

Answer 1

• carbs and fats provide energy

- protein has amino acid in which material required for structures

Question 2

what is a kJ

Answer 2

1kJ = 0.239 cal 
1kcal = increases 1kg water by 1C

Question 3

what are the required intakes for food per day?

Answer 3

Sedentary = 10,450 kJ (50% carbs, 35% fat, 15% protein)

Active = 13,240 kJ (60% carbs, 25% fat, 15% protein)

Athlete = 20,064 kJ (70% carbs, 15% fat, 15% protein)

Question 4

what are the benefits from the paleo diet?

Answer 4

short term benefit is the body composition improves, body weight and fat levels decrease – sensitive to insulin

Question 5

What 3 things store excess energy?

Answer 5

Liver - it stores only a set amount glucose you can store

Skeletal muscle - glycogen, fat

Adipose tissue - stores fat

Question 6

what is the purpose of mitochondrion?

Answer 6

In aerobic respiration, oxygen is used to convert fat, carbs and amino acids through the use of ATP. This is slower and keeps going so long as sufficient O2 is available where needed

Question 7

What is the purpose of cytosol?

Answer 7

In anaerobic respiration, no O2 is used but it converts carbs, parts of fat to release energy, At first it is faster but it is inhibited as exercise continues

Question 8

What is anaerobic respiration?

Answer 8

No oxygen required, glucose is used as fuel. a burst of energy is produced and cannot be sustained for long periods, there is a lower amount of energy. it is inefficient but faster
food -> energy + lactic acid

Question 9

what is aerobic respiration?

Answer 9

when nutrients are metabolised in the presence of oxygen. the use of carbs, fats and protein as fuel. this is sustained for a long period of time and produces more energy at a slower rate than anaerobic respiration. it is very efficient [food + oxygen -> CO2 + H20]

Question 10

Draw a cell and label

Answer 10

include nucleus, mitochondria, cytoplasm, membrane

Question 11

Draw and label the maximal rate of energy conversion graph

Answer 11

check pic on phone

Question 12

How much energy for living each day?

Answer 12

10,450 kJ (PA 1,880; TEM 1,045; BMR 7,525)

Sedentary = 10,000kJ (1,000 PA; 850 TEM; 7,525 BMR)

Active = 13,240 kJ (4,180 PA; 1,330 TEM; 7,730 BMR)

Athlete = 20,060 kJ (10,115 PA; 2,000 TEM; 7,950 BMR)