MYTH 1 - Lecture 1 - Introduction to Health, Wellness and Exercise Injuries

Question 1

Define Health; Fitness; Physical Activity; Wellness

Answer 1

Health - it is the absence of disease. more globally it refers to physical, mental, and social well-being

Fitness - ability to perform activities required of an individual

Physical Activity - any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles

Wellness - newer and broader concept which combines health, fitness, emotionally, intellectual, spiritual and environmental aspects

Question 2

What was the Harvard Alumni Study

Answer 2

• it evaluated health, exercise, dietary and others history of Harvard University Alumni
• Association between physical activity and mortality
• 20,000 Harvard grads had their diets tracked and physical activity, duration and intensity -> they wanted to see if they developed chronic disorders [e.g. type 2 diabetes, Cardiovascular disease, Cancer, stroke, obesity]
• PEOPLE WHO REGULARLY EXERCISED HAD A LOWER CHANCE OF DEVELOPING THESE DISEASES/DISORDERS

Question 3

What is the Framingham study

Answer 3

• longitudinal look at the population of Framingham
• also showed a decreased death rate in people who were physically active
• concept of cardiovascular disease risk factors
  Wanted to see the difference and why there were differences between people with CVD and those without

Question 4

What are some cardiovascular risk factors

Answer 4

• High cholesterol - risk of developing CVD
• High BP (>160mmHg Systolic or > 95 mmHg diastolic)
• Smoking (> 1 pack/day)
• Inactive lifestyle (Sedentary)
• Diabetes
• Obesity
• Non-modifiable factors (age, gender, family history)

Question 5

What is the Blair study

Answer 5

• measured fitness levels rather than simply activity levels
• divided the population into 5 levels of fitness according to VO2max
• found that as fitness levels increased, the death rate decreased

Question 6

What are some common injuries/risks with exercise

Answer 6

• Bruises - internal haemorrhage
• Fractures
• Dislocations
• Cramps - lack of salt or water
• Strains - muscle damage
• Concussions - temp loss of consciousness
• Sprains - surrounding the soft tissue
• Heart Attacks or death [very rare]