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MSK > Epithelial Tissues > Flashcards

Epithelial Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

Apical Specializations

A

Microvilli
Stereocilia/stereovilli
Cilia
Flagella

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2
Q

Characteristics of epithelia

A 
Cellularity
Polarity
Attachment
A vascular
Innervation
Regeneration
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3
Q

Epithelial Polarity

A

Basal domain: rests on basal lamina, anchors cells to underlying CT
Apical domain: directed toward the exterior surface/lumen
Lateral domain: communicates with adjacent cells

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4
Q

Apical specializations-functions

A

Increase surface area

Move substances along the epithelia

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5
Q

Microvilli

A

Cytoplasmic processes containing an actin core

Specialized for absorption and increase surface area

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6
Q

Stereovilli

A

Actin core provides rigidity
Microvilli of unusual length, long and immotile
Increase SA
Only in epididymis and sensory cells of inner ear

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7
Q

Cilia

A

Hair-like extension containing an axoneme
Microtubule based structure
Motile: propel substances by beating in wave-like fashion
Primary: immotile, sensors in cell
Nodal: embryonic, L/R axis determination

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8
Q

Flagella

A

Modified, motile cilia

Forward movement of sperm

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9
Q

Intercellular junctions

A 
Occluding Junctions (Zonula occludens)
Anchoring junctions
Gap junctions
Focal adhesions
Hemidesmosomes
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10
Q

Occluding Junctions (zonula occludens)

A

Impermeable, allows cells to function as a barrier
Encircle cells near their most apical surface
Increase in these decreases permeability
Occludins, claudins

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11
Q

Anchoring junctions

A

Lateral adhesions that link into the cytoskeleton of adjacent cells
Zonula adherens: actin filaments
Macula adherentes (desmosomes): intermediate filaments
Cadherins

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12
Q

Gap Jnctions

A

Fluid-filled channels that connect approved cells
Communication
Connexin aggregates

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13
Q

Focal Adhesions

A

Anchor actin filaments to basement membrane

Integrins

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14
Q

Hemidesmosomes

A

Anchor intermediate filaments to basement membrane

Integrins

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15
Q

Simple Squamous Epithelia

A 
Location: lining of blood and lymphatic vessels (endothelium)
lining of serous membranes (mesothelium)
lining alveoli in lungs 
loop of Henle in kidney
various ducts

Function: exchange, barrier, and lubrication

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16
Q

Simple Cuboidal

A

Location: kidney tubules
glands and associated ducts
Terminal bronchioles
Covering of ovary

Function: absorption, barrier, secretion

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17
Q

Simple columnar

A 
Location: auditory tubes
Uterus
Oviducts (ciliated)
Stomach
SI/LI
Gallbladder

Function: absorption and secretion

18
Q

Pseudostratified Columnar Ciliated

A

Location: lining of nasal cavity
Pharynx
Trachea
Bronchi

Function: absorption and secretion, debris and particulate movement

19
Q

Urothelium

A

Transitional Epithelium
Location: urinary bladder
Ureters
Urethra

Function: barrier, distensible property

20
Q

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous

A 
Location: oral cavity
Portions of the pharynx
Esophagus
Anus
Vagina
Urethra
Cornea

Function: barrier and protection

Apical. Layer of cells retain nuclei

21
Q

Keratinized stratified squamous

A

Location: epidermis of skin
Function: barrier and protection
Apical layer of cells do not have nuclei

22
Q

Stratified cuboidal

A

Location: sweat glands and ducts
Ovarian follicles
Salivary gland ducts

Function: barrier and passageway

23
Q

Basement membrane

A

Located adjacent to basal domain

Selective barrier between tissues permits diffusion of nutrients

24
Q

Mucous membrane

A

ET that secretes mucus

25
Q

Serous membrane

A

ET that lines specific internal cavities of the body
Fluid derived from serum
Peritoneum, pericardium and pleura
Mesothelium: simple squamous ET that comprises part of a serous membrane

26
Q

Gland types

A

Exocrine
Endocrine
Secrete mucus, hormones, enzymes, and wastes

27
Q

Exocrine glands

A

Merocrine
Apocrine
Holocrine

28
Q

Merocrine glands

A

Salivary glands; secretion is delivered in membrane-bound vesicles to apical surface and undergo exocytosis

29
Q

Holocrine glands

A

Sebaceous glands
Secretion accumulates within a cell—> apoptosis
Secretion and cell debris are released

30
Q

Apocrine glands

A

Sweat/mammary

Release of the apical portion of the cell, surrounded by cytoplasm within a plasma membrane

31
Q

Unicellular gland

A

Single, secretory cells distributed among non-secretory cells
Goblet Cell: mucus-secreting cell fond lining the intestines and respiratory tract

32
Q

Multicellular Glands

A

Classified by arrangement and shape of secretory cells and Ductal elements

Secretory cells are either mucous or serous cells
Serous cells take up dye
Mucous cells do not take up dye

33
Q

Simple tubular

A

Secretory cells from straight tube

34
Q

Simple coiled tubular

A

Coiled tubular secretory portion located deep in tissue

35
Q

Simple branched tubular

A

Branched tubular gland with wide secretory portion

36
Q

Simple actin are

A

Single layer of secretory cells

37
Q

Simple branched acinar

A

Secretory portion opens directly into the lumen

38
Q

Compound tubular

A

Coiled secretory portion located deep in tissue

39
Q

Compound acinar

A

Alveolar-shaped secretory unity’s, pyramid shaped secretory cells

40
Q

Compound tubuloacinar

A

Tubular and acinar secretory units; will have demilunes

MSK (16 decks)

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