Unit 1: Function of Tissues Flashcards
what is a tissue?
a group of similar cells combined to perform a common function
what is an organ?
combination of two or more different tissues performing a common function
what is an organ system?
group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions
what is the name of the cell layer that lines blood vessels/fluid -filled spaces in brain?
endothelium
what is the name of the cell layer that covers the pericardium, pleura and peritoneal cavity?
mesothelium
what are the two type of cell interactions that hold cells together?
cell-matrix adhesion - adhere indirectly by adhesion receptors in plasma membrane
cell-cell adhesion - adhere directly by cell adhesion molecules
what are the three types of cell-cell junctions?
- anchoring
- tight
- gap
what are the three types of anchoring junctions?
- adherens
- desmosomes
- hemidesmosomes
describe an adherens junction
continuous band around cell containing an attachment plaque for actin filaments of cytoskeleton
- actin filaments connected by cadherins
where are desmosomes found?
lateral surface of cell membranes- bind adjacent cells together
what is the difference between a desmosome and hemidesmosom?
desmosome contains cadherins in which its intermediate filaments are attached to
hemidesmosome - contains integrins that binds to intermediate filaments fixing epithelial cell to basal lamina
what is a tight junction?
continuous region of contact between membranes of adjacent cells - no diffusion of macromolecules
what are gap junctions?
specialised region of contact that allows small molecules to diffuse between adjacent cells
what multi-adhesive matrix proteins can be found in the ECM?
- laminin - glue between dissimilar tissues
- fibronectin - helps cell positioning/ division
what is the name of the tough outer layer of skin and what is it made out of?
- epidermis
- keratinised stratified squamous epithelium
