Molecular basis of inheritance Flashcards
What is the difference between a deoxyribonucleotide and a ribonucleotide?
The presence of an -OH at the 2’ carbon
What are the purines?
Guanine and adenine
What is a purine?
Nucleotide with 9 atoms in its ring such as guanine and adenine (the ones with ‘nine’)
What are the pyrimidines?
Thymine and cytosine
What is a pyrimidine?
Nucleotide with 6 atoms in its ring such as thymine and cytosine (the ones without ‘nine’)
What is dATP?
Deoxyadenosine triphosphate (sugar has only one -OH group)
How do nucleotides join together to form a polynucleotide?
2 phosphate groups are lost from each nucleotides - phosphodiester bonds form between nucleotides.
SINES
Short interspersed elements
LINES
Long interspersed elements
What does ncRNA do?
Non-coding RNA can control exon splicing and decoding of mRNA
What does snRNA do?
Small nuclear RNA forms complexes with proteins to form small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs) which splice pre-mRNAs
What are snRNPs?
Small nuclear ribonuclearprotein particles, splice pre-mRNAs.
2 Examples of X-linked recessive disorders that reveal X-inactivation
Anhydrotic ectodermal dysplasia, random patches of tissues w/o sweat glands
Red/green colour blindness, mosaic retinas
What is anhydrotic ectodermal dysplasia
Random patches of tissues w/o sweat glands
What is the name of the condition where there are random patches of tissues w/o sweat glands?
Anhydrotic ectodermal dysplasia
