Integumentary System

Question 1

What does hypo- mean

Answer 1

Underneath

Question 2

What are the 3 sections of skin

Answer 2

Epidermis; dermis; hypodermis

Question 3

What type of epithelium does the epidermis contain

Answer 3

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 4

What tissue makes up the dermis

Answer 4

Connective tissue

Question 5

If you cut yourself, how do deep do you have to cut to bleed

Answer 5

Cut down to the hypodermis

Question 6

Describe 3 functions of the skin

Answer 6

Protection against water loss; protection against UV; temperature regulation

Question 7

What causes skin to have cleavage lines

Answer 7

The orientation of collagen in the dermis

Question 8

When do friction ridges on the epidermis develop

Answer 8

During the first 8 weeks of uterine development

Question 9

What makes negroid skin darker

Answer 9

Due to the presence of melanised cells of stratum basale

Question 10

Describe cyanosis

Answer 10

Blueness resulting from deficiency of oxygen in the circulating blood (cold weather)

Question 11

Describe erythema

Answer 11

Redness due to dilated cutaneous vessels (anger, embarrassment, sunburn)

Question 12

Describe jaundice

Answer 12

Yellowing of skin and sclera due to the excess of bilirubin in blood (liver disease)

Question 13

Describe pallor

Answer 13

Pale colour from lack of blood flow

Question 14

Describe albinism

Answer 14

Genetic lack of melanin

Question 15

What causes hemangiomas (birthmarks)

Answer 15

Benign tumours of dermal blood capillaries

Question 16

Name the 3 types of skin cancer

Answer 16

Basal cell carcinoma; squamous cell carcinoma; malignant melanoma

Question 17

What causes acne vulgaris

Answer 17

Plugged follicles become infected forming acids that irritate the skin

Question 18

What causes decubitus (bed sores)

Answer 18

Skin close to bone undergoes constant pressure; causes blood vessels to compress, depriving tissue of oxygen and nutrition

Question 19

What causes warts (benign epithelia tumours)

Answer 19

By viruses

Question 20

What is harmed in a 1st degree burn

Answer 20

Only the epidermis (red, painful and edema)

Question 21

What is harmed in a 2nd degree burn

Answer 21

Epidermis and part of the dermis (blistered)

Question 22

What is harmed in a 3rd degree burn

Answer 22

Epidermis, dermis and more is destroyed (no stopping point for this degree)

Question 23

Describe a 4th degree burn

Answer 23

Extends through entire skin, and into underlying fat, muscle and bone

Question 24

Is a 4th degree burn painful after

Answer 24

No, the nerve endings are destroyed and so you wouldn’t feel anything

Question 25

Using the Lund-Browder method split minor, serious and severe burns into their %

Answer 25

Minor = <10% ; serious = >15% ; severe = >20%

Question 26

What is an autograft

Answer 26

Tissue from different region of the patient

Question 27

What is an isograft

Answer 27

Tissue from an identical twin

Question 28

What is a homograft (allograft)

Answer 28

Graft from an unrelated person

Question 29

What is a heterograft (xenograft)

Answer 29

Tissue from another species

Question 30

What 3 organs make up the integumentary system

Answer 30

Skin, hair and nails (fingers and toes)