Muscles of the Neck and Head

Question 1

Origin, Insertion, and Action for the Scalenes

Answer 1

Origin: Transverse process of cervical vertebrae
Insertion: RIbs 1 and 2
Action: Flexes and rotates neck, elevates ribs 1 and 2

Question 2

Origin, Insertion, and Action for the Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 2

Origin: Sternum, clavicle
Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone
Action: Abducts, rotates, and flexes head

Question 3

Origin, Insertion, and Action for the Temporalis

Answer 3

Origin: Temporal fossa
Insertion: Coronoid process and ramus of mandible
Action: Closes mandible

Question 4

Origin, Insertion, and Action for the Massester

Answer 4

Origin: Zygomatic arch
Insertion: Angle and ramus of mandible
Action: Closes mandible

Question 5

Origin, Insertion, and Action for the Orbicularis oculi

Answer 5

Origin: Frontal and maxilla on medial margin of orbit
Insertion: Skin of eyelid
Action: Closes eyelid

Question 6

Origin, Insertion, and Action for the Orbicularis oris

Answer 6

Origin: Fascia of facial muscles near mouth
Insertion: Skin of lips
Action: Closes lips

Question 7

Name an action for the Levator scapulae

Answer 7

Elevates scapula, abducts and rotates neck

Question 8

Name an action for the Sternohyoid

Answer 8

Depresses hyoid

Question 9

Name an action for the Sternothyroid

Answer 9

Depresses thyroid cartilage

Question 10

Name an action for the Omohyoid

Answer 10

Depresses hyoid

Question 11

Name an action for the Platysma

Answer 11

Depresses lower lip, opens jaw

Question 12

Name an action for the Digastric

Answer 12

Elevates, protracts, and retracts hyoid, opens mandible

Question 13

Name an action for the Mylohyoid

Answer 13

Elevates hyoid and tongue

Question 14

Name an action for the Frontalis

Answer 14

Raises eyebrows, draws scalp anteriorly

Question 15

Name an action for the Occipitalis

Answer 15

Draws scalp posteriorly

Question 16

Name an action for the Pterygoids

Answer 16

Medial gliding of mandible for chewing

Question 17

Name an action for the Corrugator supercilii

Answer 17

Adducts eyebrows (pulls them medially)

Question 18

Name an action for the Risorius

Answer 18

Abducts corner of mouth (draws edge of mouth laterally)

Question 19

Name an action for the Mentalis

Answer 19

Protrudes lower lip

Question 20

Name an action for the Buccinator

Answer 20

Compresses cheek

Question 21

Name an action for the Zygomaticus major and minor

Answer 21

Elevates corners of mouth

Question 22

Name an action for the Depressor labii inferioris

Answer 22

Depresses lower lip

Question 23

Name an action for the Levator labii superioris

Answer 23

Elevates upper lip, flares nostril

Question 24

Name the 4 major muscles of mastication

Answer 24

1. Temporalis
2. Masseter
3. Medial pterygoids
4. Lateral pterygoids