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chemistry > U1 T9 Chemical Analysis > Flashcards

U1 T9 Chemical Analysis Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an element?

A

A substance that contains only one type of atom and cannot be broken down into anything simpler by chemical means

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2
Q

What is a compound?

A

A substance that consists of two or more elements chemically bonded

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3
Q

What is a mixture

A

Two or more substances mixed together, usually easy to separate

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4
Q

What can be used to measure purity of an element or compound?

A

Using data from the melting and boiling point and the chromatography

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5
Q

What is the melting point?

A

The temperature at which a given material changes from a solid to liquid or vice verse

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6
Q

What is the boiling point?

A

The temperature at which a given material changes from a liquid to a gas or vice versa

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7
Q

What five ways can mixtures be separated?

A 
Filtration,
Crystallisation, 
Simple distillation, 
Fractional distillation, 
And paper chromatography
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8
Q

What is chromatography used to separate?

A

2 or more substances in a solution e.g food dyes

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9
Q

How do you measure Rf values?

A

Distance moved by sample
————————————
Distance moved by solvent

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10
Q

What is potable water?

A

Water that is safe to drink

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11
Q

Where do we find potable water?

A

Water from fresh water, eg silent valley, and sea water

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12
Q

What is desalination

A

The process of removing dissolved substance from sea water

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13
Q

What are the disadvantages of producing drinking water through distillation?

A

It’s expensive, increases need for non renewable energy, carbon dioxide emissions contribute to global warming

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14
Q

What colour change does anhydrous copper (II) sultans undergo in the presence of water?

A

White to blue

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15
Q

What colour does lithium burn?

A

Crimson

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16
Q

What colour does sodium burn?

A

Yellow or orange

17
Q

What colour does potassium burn?

A

Lilac

18
Q

What colour does calcium burn?

A

Brick red

19
Q

What colour does copper burn?

A

Blue-green

20
Q

What is a precipitate?

A

An insoluble substance formed when 2 aqueous solutions are mixed

21
Q

Can you give the colour solution, precipitate, and change in excess when adding NaOH to Cu+

A

Blue - blue - no change

22
Q

Can you give the colour solution, precipitate, and change in excess when adding NaOH to Fe2+

A

Green - green - no change

23
Q

Can you give the colour solution, precipitate, and change in excess when adding NaOH to Fe3+

A

Orange - brown - no change

24
Q

Can you give the colour solution, precipitate, and change in excess when adding NaOH to Mg2+

A

Colourless - White - no change

25
Q

Can you give the colour solution, precipitate, and change in excess when adding NaOH to Al3+

A

Colourless - White - precipitate dissolves and forms a colourless solution

26
Q

Can you give the colour solution, precipitate, and change in excess when adding NaOH to Zn2+

A

Colourless - White - dissolves and forms colourless solution

27
Q

What is the generic ionic equation given to sodium hydroxide and metal ions

A

Mn+ +nOH- -> M(OH)2

28
Q

Can you give the colour solution, precipitate, and change in excess when adding NH3 solution to Cu2+

A

Blue - blue - precipitate dissolves to give deep blue solution

29
Q

Can you give the colour solution, precipitate, and change in excess when adding NH3 solution to Fe2+

A

Green - green - no change

30
Q

Can you give the colour solution, precipitate, and change in excess when adding NH3 solution to Fe3+

A

Orange - red/brown - no change

31
Q

Can you give the colour solution, precipitate, and change in excess when adding NH3 solution to Mg2+

A

Colourless - White - no change

32
Q

Can you give the colour solution, precipitate, and change in excess when adding NH3 solution to Al3+

A

Colourless - White - no change

33
Q

Can you give the colour solution, precipitate, and change in excess when adding NH3 solution to Zn2+

A

Colourless - White - precipitate dissolves

34
Q

What is a halide?

A

Chloride, bromide, iodide

35
Q

What can we use to detect halide ions?

A

Silver nitrate, AgNO3

chemistry (12 decks)

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