Hypersensitivies Flashcards
0
Q
Type I treatment
A
Non-asthma:
- antihistamines
- corticosteroids
Asthma:
- corticosteroids (albuterol) (block mediator release)
- leukotriene inhibitors
- long-acting β agonists
EPI - anaphylaxis (counteracts histamine)
Pimecrolimus - eczema
1
Q
Type I symptoms & examples
A
- vomiting, diarrhea, uticarial rash, anaphylaxis
- Allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, asthma
- Atopic dermatitis (eczema)
- Anaphylactic shock
- Food allergies
- Hay fever
- Hives
2
Q
Type I duration
A
2-30 min
3
Q
Type II examples
A
- transfusion rxn: fever, kidney dmg, hypotension, disseminated intravascular
- Rh incompatibility
- Autoimmune diseases (hemolytic anemia)
4
Q
Rh incompatibility- treatment
A
Rho(D) immunoglobulin (RhoGAM):
(Fc-modified IgG abs against D)
Passively immunized mother against D ag and prevents her from making active immune response against D ag
5
Q
Type III examples
A
Autoimmune:
- Arthus rxn
- Serum sickness
- Farmer’s lung
- PSAGN: post strep acute glomerulonephritis
- SLE: systemic lupus erythematosis
- RA: rheumatoid arthritis
6
Q
PS AGN:
- acquired how
- symptoms
- treatment
A
- one strep infection (M49 strain on skin- impetigo)
- low back pain, fever, proteinuria, hematuria, hypertension, rarely fatal
- antibiotics perhaps
7
Q
SLE
- acquired how
- symptoms
- treatment
A
- IgG to DNA (fragile cells) collects in kidneys, multiorgans
- Flare ups of joint pain, rashes, lesions, sun sensitivity, blue/white fingers/toes, butterfly rash
- Severity-based: NSAIDs with antimalarials, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, avoid sun, organ therapy
8
Q
RA
- acquired how
- symptoms
- treatment
A
- Rheumatoid factor positive, B-cell dependent
- small joints of hands/feet, morning stiffness
- disease-modifying anti-rhem. Drugs (DMARDs), Mab/, glucocorticoids (prednisone), NSAIDs, analgesics
9
Q
Type III duration
A
2-8 hours
10
Q
Type IV examples
A
- contact dermatitis (poison ivy, tape allergy, latex, nickel, scabies)
- associated with infection (tb, leprosy, histoplasmosis, salmonellosis, listeriosis, leishmania infection, schistosome infection)
11
Q
TB - Mantour test
A
A person with active TB may have positive or negative test (overwhelmed immune system)
Test positive for life
Ag injected into skin is PPR (purified protein derivative) of mycobacterium Ags
Measures Th1 memory and macrophage activation
12
Q
Type IV duration
A
24-48 hours
