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Dermatology > Therapeutics and Topicals > Flashcards

Therapeutics and Topicals Flashcards

1
Q

creams are a semisolid emulsion of ___ in _____

A

creams are a semisolid emulsion of oil in water

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2
Q

what do creams contain?

A

emulsifiers and preservatives

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3
Q

ointments are a semisolid ______/___

for thickened ________ of eczema/psoriasis

A

ointments are a semisolid GREASE/OIL

for thickened PLAQUES of eczema/psoriasis

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4
Q

ointments contain preservatives.

true or false?

A

false!

ointments DO NOT contain preservatives

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5
Q

lotions are suspensions of __________ in _____ or _______

used in _____ places

A

lotions are suspensions of MEDICATION in WATER or ALCOHOL

used in HAIRY places

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6
Q

gels are semi-solids containing ____ ________ ______ _______

A

gels are semi-solids containing HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT POLYMERS

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7
Q

pastes are semisolids containing finely powdered ____ _____ commonly used to treat ___ ______

A

pastes are semisolids containing finely powdered ZINC OXIDE commonly used to treat LEG ULCERS

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8
Q

foams are usually ____________ liquid in continuous phase with foaming agent dispersed in _______ phase

A

foams are usually HYDROPHILIC liquid in continuous phase with foaming agent dispersed in GASEOUS phase

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9
Q

emollients enhance ___________ of the epidermis

A

emollients enhance REHYDRATION of the epidermis

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10
Q

prescribe ___-___g of emollient weekly (BNF)

A

prescribe 300-500g of emollient weekly (BNF)

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11
Q

emollients should be applied immediately after what?

A

bathing

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12
Q

what type of therapy is used in very dry (xerotic) skin?

A

wet wrap therapy

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13
Q

name the 3 modes of action of topical corticosteroids

A

vasoconstrictive
anti-inflammatory
antiproliferative

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14
Q

topical steroids reduce ____________ and cause ______ ___________

A

topical steroids reduce INFLAMMATION and cause IMMUNE SUPPRESSION

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15
Q

what conditions indicate the use of topical steroids? (4)

A

eczema
psoriasis
lichen plants
keloid scars

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16
Q

the rebound affect of steroid on psoriasis causes what?

A

pustular psoriasis

17
Q

name some common side effects of topical steroids

A 
skin thinning
purpura
stretch marks
telangectasia
rosacea
perioral dermatitis
mask infection
Cushings syndrome
tachyphylaxis
rebound flare - psoriasis
18
Q

what do calicneurin inhibitors (Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus) suppress?

what condition is this a treatment in? and in who?

A

lymphocyte activation

NSAID

atopic eczema - face of children

19
Q

antiseptics can have 2 effects. name them.

A

bacteriostatic

bacateriocidal

20
Q

name 3 clinical uses of antiseptics

A

recurrent infections
antibiotic resistance
wound irrigation

21
Q

what would you use in acute exudative eczema, pompholyx

A

potassium permanganate rinse/soak/bath

22
Q

name 3 cases you would use an antiviral agent

A

herpes simplex - topical

eczema herpeticum - topical

herpes zoster (shingles) - oral

23
Q

what condition is it when someone with eczema acquires an infection?

A

eczema herpeticum (well defined, punched out spots on face)

24
Q

what would you treat candida (thrush), dermatophytes (ringworm) and pityriasis versicolor with?

A

topical antifungals

25
Q

peripheral scale on a large blemish indicates what?

A

tinea corporis (ringworm)

26
Q

name the common condition seen in fit healthy individuals with pink inflammation and hyper/hypo pigmentation

A

pityriasis versicolor

27
Q

name some antipruritics (4)

A

menthol - derma cool
caspsaicin
camphor/phenol
crotamiton

28
Q

keratolytics are used to soften what? name some conditions

A

keratin

viral warts
hyperkeratotic eczema and psoriasis
corns and calluses
to remove keratin plaques

29
Q

treatment of warts is mechanical pairing plus what?

A 
keratolytics such as salicylic acid
formaldehyde
silver nitrate
cryotherapy
etc
30
Q

name some topical psoriasis treatments

A

emollients and a choice of…

coal tar
vitamin D analogue
keratolytic
topical steroid
dithranol

Dermatology (19 decks)

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