Skin Cancer

Question 1

name the 2 main types of skin cancer

Answer 1

non-melanoma

melanoma

Question 2

name the 2 types of non-melanoma skin cancer

Answer 2

BCC

SCC

Question 3

name the most common type of skin cancer

Answer 3

BCC

Question 4

which type of skin cancer is most likely to metastasise?

Answer 4

melanoma

difficult to treat once spread

Question 5

name the measurement tool for melanoma depth

Answer 5

Breslow thickness

Question 6

what is the Breslow thickness for a 5 year survival of 95-100%

Answer 6

< 1 mm

Question 7

what is the Breslow thickness for a 5 year survival of 50%

Answer 7

> 4 mm

Question 8

if a melanoma has metastasised, what is the 5 year survival?

Answer 8

5%

Question 9

outline the ABCDE rule for melanoma

Answer 9

A - asymmetry
B - border
C - colour
D - diameter
E - evolution

Question 10

BCC or SCC?

slow growing lump or non-healing ulcer
painless and often ignored
locally invasive, but doesn’t spread
most can be treated by skin surgery

Answer 10

BCC

Question 11

BCC or SCC?

warty or crusted lump or ulcer
arises on sun-damaged skin
grow faster, may be painful &/or bleed
if neglected may spread

Answer 11

SCC

Question 12

which cancer is described as ‘pearly’ or translucent?

Answer 12

BCC

Question 13

the central ulceration of a BCC is known as what?

Answer 13

rodent ulcer

Question 14

BCC can present as a scaly _______, ________, infiltrative or pigmented

Answer 14

SCC can present as a scaly PLAQUE, NODULAR, infiltrative or pigmented

Question 15

SCC arises on ___-_______ skin

Answer 15

SCC arises on SUN-DAMAGED skin

Question 16

name the 2 precursor lesions of SCC

Answer 16

actinic keratoses

Bowen’s disease

Question 17

name the self-resolving form of SCC

Answer 17

kertoacanthoma

Question 18

where is a high risk site of SCC?

Answer 18

ear

lip and scalp also

Question 19

name risk factors for skin cancer

Answer 19

sun exposure
genetic predisposition
immunosuppression
environmental carcinogens

Question 20

name the genetic condition that increases your susceptibility for skin cacner

Answer 20

Xeroderma Pigmentosum

Question 21

what is defective in Xeroderma Pigmentosum?

Answer 21

NER - nucleotide excision repair

Question 22

_______________ albinism also increases your risk of developing skin cancer

Answer 22

OCCULOCUTANEOUS albinism also increases your risk of developing skin cancer

Question 23

Naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome is also known as what syndrome?

Answer 23

Garlin’s Syndrome

Question 24

what are the major features of Garlin’s Syndrome?

Answer 24

early onset multiple BCCs
palmar pits
jaw cysts
ectopic calcification falx

Question 25

recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is also known as what?

Answer 25

butterfly disease

Question 26

butterfly disease is a hereditary type ___ ________ deficiency

Answer 26

butterfly disease is a hereditary type VII COLLAGEN deficiency

Question 27

the risk of which type of cancer is dramatically increased in organ transplant patients?

Answer 27

SCC

Question 28

a broad spectrum sun screen of SPF__+ with ___ protection is recommended

Answer 28

a broad spectrum sun screen of SPF25+ with UVA protection is recommended

Question 29

name a common environmental carcinogen for skin cancer

Answer 29

ionising radiation

Question 30

name some condition requiring immunosuppression simultaneously increasing skin cancer rates

Answer 30

IBD
RA
vasculitis
AIDS/HIV