Renal

Question 1

ADH

Answer 1

Secreted from posterior pituitary

Promotes water resabsorption in collecting ducts of in kidneys by insertion of aquaporin-2 channels

Question 2

Adrenal medulla

Answer 2

Secretes adrenaline and small amounts NA

Enlarged and specialised sympathetic ganglion

Question 3

Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

Answer 3

Cresenteric

Goodpastures (IgG, anti GBM, pulmonary haemorrhage)

Question 4

IgA nephropathy

Answer 4

Bergers
Mesangioproliferative
Concurrent URTI

Question 5

Diffuse proliferation GN

Answer 5

Post strep

Most common in SLE

Question 6

Membranoproliferative GN

Answer 6

Mesangiocapillary
Type 1: cryoglobinaemia, hep C
Type 2: partial lipodystrophy

Question 7

Minimal change disease

Answer 7

Child with nephrotic syndrome
Good response to steroids

Hodgkin, NSAIDs

Question 8

Membranous GN

Answer 8

Nephrotic presentation
Infections, rheumatoid drugs, malignancy
1/3 respond/ respond to cytotoxics/ CKD

Question 9

Focal segmented

Answer 9

Idiopathic or secondary to HIV or heroin

Question 10

Stag horn calculus

Answer 10

Magnesium ammonium phosphate
Proteus infection
Structure

Question 11

Most common renal stone

Answer 11

Calcium oxalate

Question 12

Radio lucent renal stones

Answer 12

Urate

Xanthine

Question 13

CKD classification

Answer 13

1- >90 with signs of kidney disease on other tests
2- 60-90 with some sign on kidney damage
3a - 45-59
3b - 30-44
4- 15-29
5 <15