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Chemistry 👩🏼‍🔬 > Ch. 1 & 2 > Flashcards

Ch. 1 & 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Length

A

Meter (m)

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2
Q

Mass

A

Kilogram (kg)

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3
Q

Time

A

Second (s)

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4
Q

Temperature

A

Kelvin (K)

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5
Q

Electric current

A

Ampere (A)

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6
Q

Amount of substance

A

Mole (mol)

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7
Q

Luminous intensity

A

Candela (cd)

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8
Q

-15

A

Femto (f)

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9
Q

-12

A

Pico (p)

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10
Q

-9

A

Nano (n)

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11
Q

-6

A

Micro (u)

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12
Q

-3

A

Milli (m)

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13
Q

-2

A

Centi (c)

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14
Q

-1

A

Deci (d)

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15
Q

3

A

Kilo (k)

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16
Q

6

A

Mega (M)

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17
Q

9

A

Gigs (G)

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18
Q

12

A

Tera (T)

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19
Q

Measurements are said to be _______ if they yield very similar results when repeated in the same manner.

A

Precise

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20
Q

A measurement is considered ________ if it yields a result that is very close to the true or accepted value.

A

Accurate

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21
Q

1 m = _____ yd.

A

1.0936 yd.

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22
Q

1 in = _____ cm.

A

2.54 cm.

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23
Q

1 km = _____ mi

A

0.62137 mi.

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24
Q

1 mi = ____ m

A

1609.3 m

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25
Q

1 L = _____ qt.

A

1.0567 qt

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26
Q

1 qt. = ______ L

A

0.94635 L

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27
Q

1 kg = ______ lb

A

2.2046 lb

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28
Q

1 lb = ______ g

A

453.59 g

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29
Q

Group 1

A

Alkali metals

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30
Q

Group 2

A

Alkaline earth metals

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31
Q

Group 3-12

A

Transition metals

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32
Q

15

A

Pnictogens

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33
Q

16

A

Chalcogens

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34
Q

17

A

Halogens

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35
Q

18

A

Noble gases

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36
Q

Anything that occupies space and has mass and is all around us.

A

Matter

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37
Q

Has fixed shape and volume

A

Solid

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38
Q

Takes shape of container
Forms horizontal surface
Has fixed volume

A

Liquid

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39
Q

Expands to fill container

A

Gas

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40
Q

A measure of the amount of matter in it

A

Mass

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41
Q

The smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element and can enter into a chemical combination.

A

Atom

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42
Q

Consists of two or more atoms joined by strong forces called chemical bonds.

A

Molecule

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43
Q

Pure substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical changes are called _______.

A

Elements.

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44
Q

Pure substances that can be broken down by chemical changes are called _____.

A

Compounds

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45
Q

Composed of two or more types of matter that can be present in varying amounts and can be separated by physical changes, such as evaporation.

A

Mixture

46
Q

Mixture with a composition that varies from point to point is called a _______ mixture.

Ex. Chocolate chip cookie, Italian dressing…

A

Heterogeneous mixture

47
Q

A ______ mixture, also called a _____, exhibits a uniform composition and appears visually the same throughout.

Ex. Sports drink - water, sugar, coloring, flavoring, electrolytes, etc.

A

Homogeneous mixture

Solution

48
Q

A characteristic of matter that is not associated with a change in its chemical composition.

Ex. Color, density, hardness, melting and boiling point…

A

Physical property

49
Q

A change in the state or properties of matter without any accompanying change in its chemical composition.

Ex. Wax melting, sugar dissolves in coffee, steam condenses into water.

A

Physical change

50
Q

The change of one type of matter into another type (or the inability to change) is a ______.

Ex. Flammability, toxicity, acidity, reactivity…

A

Chemical property

51
Q

A _______ always produces one or more types of matter that differ from the matter present before the change.

Ex. Iron combines with oxygen in the presence of water to form rust.

Food being cooked, digested, or rotting.

A

Chemical change

52
Q

Elements sorted into what 3 classes:

A

Metals, nonmetals, metalloids.

53
Q

HNO3

A

Nitrate

Nitric acid

54
Q

HNO2

A

Nitrite

nitrous acid

55
Q

HCIO4

A

Perchlorate

Perchloric acid

56
Q

H2CO3

A

Carbonate

Carbonic acid

57
Q

H2SO4

A

Sulfate

Sulfuric acid

58
Q

H2SO3

A

Sulfite

Sulfurous acid

59
Q

H3PO4

A

Phosphate

Phosphoric acid

60
Q

HC2H3O2

A

Acetate

Acetic acid

61
Q

Cathode ray tube
Discovered the electron
Plum pudding

A

JJ Thompson

62
Q

Postulated a Saturn like atom consisting of a positively charged sphere surrounded by a halo of electrons.

A

Nagaoka

63
Q

Alpha particles

Discovery of protons

A

Rutherford

64
Q

Atoms of the same element that differ in mass.

A

Isotopes

65
Q

Discovery of neutrons

A

Chadwick

66
Q

Compounds with the same chemical formula but different molecular structures.

A

Isomers

67
Q

Contributions to the development of the periodic table.

A

Mendeleev

68
Q

NH4+

A

Ammonium

69
Q

H3O+

A

Hydronium

70
Q

O^2-

A

Oxide

71
Q

O2^2-

A

Peroxide

72
Q

OH-

A

Hydroxide

73
Q

CH3COO-

A

Acetate
Acetic acid
CH3COOH

74
Q

CN-

A

Cyanide
Hydrocyanic acid
HCN

75
Q

N3-

A

Azide
Hydrazoic acid
HN3

76
Q

CO3^2-

A

Carbonic acid

H2CO3

77
Q

HCO3-

A

Bicarbonate

78
Q

NO2-

A

Nitrite
Nitrous acid
HNO2

79
Q

NO3-

A

Nitrate
Nitric acid
HNO3

80
Q

SO4^2-

A

Sulfate
Sulfiric acid
H2SO4

81
Q

Significant figures

X or /

A

Least # of SFs

82
Q

Significant figures

+ or -

A

Least number of decimal places

83
Q

Tk =

A

Tc + 273.15

84
Q

Tc =

A

Tk - 273.15

85
Q

Tc =

A

5/9 (Tf - 32)

86
Q

Tf =

A

9/5 (Tc) + 32

87
Q

FeCl3

A

Iron (III) chloride

88
Q

Hg2O

A

Mercury(I) oxide

89
Q

HgO

A

Mercury(II) oxide

90
Q

Cu3(PO4)2

A

Copper(II) phosphate

91
Q

SO2

A

Sulfur dioxide

92
Q

SO3

A

Sulfur trioxide

93
Q

NO2

A

Nitrogen dioxide

94
Q

N2O4

A

Dinitrogen tetroxide

95
Q

BCl3

A

Boron trichloride

96
Q

SF6

A

Sulfur hexafluoride

97
Q

PF5

A

Phosphorus pentafluoride

98
Q

P4O10

A

Tetraphosphorus decaoxide

99
Q

Mono

A

1

100
Q

Di-

A

2

101
Q

Tri-

A

3

102
Q

Tetra-

A

4

103
Q

Penta-

A

5

104
Q

Hexa-

A

6

105
Q

Hepta-

A

7

106
Q

Octa-

A

8

107
Q

Nona-

A

9

108
Q

Deca-

A

10

109
Q

Electron

A

Location: outside nucleus
Unit charge : 1-
Mass AMU : 0.00055

110
Q

Proton

A

Location: inside nucleus
Unit charge : 1+
Mass AMU: 1.007

111
Q

Neutron

A

Location: inside nucleus
Unit charge : O
Mass AMU: 1.008

Chemistry 👩🏼‍🔬 (8 decks)

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