hypothal pit,

Question 1

function of the hypoth

Answer 1

Integrates functions that maintain chemical and temperature homeostasis
Functions with the limbic system
Controls the release of hormones from the anterior and posterior pituitary
Synthesizes releasing hormones in cell bodies of neurons.
Two hypothalamic hormones are transported down the axon and stored in the nerve endings of the posterior pituitary
Hormones are released in pulses

Question 2

hyposphysiotropic hormones

Answer 2

releasing and inhibiting hormones

Question 3

flow of hormones from hypothalamus to ant pit

Answer 3

1. hypophysioisotropic hormones are released from hypothal enter the capillaries
2. hypothal cap rejoin to form the hypothalamic hypophyseal portal system and go into the ant pituitary
3. drain into ant pit capillaries
4. hypophysioisotropic hormones leave the blood across the ant pituitaty and control hormone release
5. upon stimulation certain pituitary hormones are released
6. ant pit join to form a vein and hormones are released to body

Question 4

7 types of hypophysiotropic horomes

Answer 4

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)
Growth hormone-release inhibiting hormone (GHIH)
Prolactin-releasing factor (PRF)
Prolactin-inhibiting hormone (PIH)

Question 5

secretion is controlled by

Answer 5

Secretion is influenced by emotions and day/night (circadian) rhythm generated by pineal gland secretions
Secretion can be influenced by the metabolic state of the individual

Question 6

Basophils vs acidophils

Answer 6

baso: gonadotropes, corticotropes thyrotrope
acid: lactotrope and somatotropes

Question 7

receptors of basophils vs acidophils

Answer 7

basophils have g protrein receptors

acidophils have JAK/STAT linked cyokine receptors

Question 8

growth hormone directs mainly to

Answer 8

adipose, liver and muscle

Question 9

excess GH before epiphyseal plate will cause

Answer 9

gigantism

Question 10

excess GH after epiphyseal closure will cause

Answer 10

acromegly

Question 11

reduced childhood GH levels

Answer 11

dwarfism

Question 12

reduced childhood tissue response

Answer 12

Laron dwarfism

Question 13

Thyroid hormone effect of GH
Excess=
defiency =

Answer 13

excess=no effect

deficiency- decreased growth

Question 14

Insulin effect on GH
Hyperinsulinmemia=
deficiency=

Answer 14

1. excess growth.

2. inhibit

Question 15

sex steroids effect om GH

Answer 15

Testosterone and estrogen can stimulate growth

Question 16

Nuclei in the hypothalamus involved in axons to pos. pituitary

Answer 16

Supraoptic and paraventricular

Question 17

pathway of pos pituitary

Answer 17

paraventricula or supraoptic nuclei

2. travel through the pos pit stalk or the hypothamic hypophyseal tract to pos pot.
3. stimulation and release

Question 18

main 2 hormones of the pos pit

Answer 18

ADH
and
oxytocin

Question 19

flow of secretion for ADH

Answer 19

nucleus to be transcribed to mRNA 
Preprovasopressin produced in ER
moved to golgi where granules are formed 
grabules moved by microtubules 
neurophysin binds 5 AVP
awaits stimulus for release

Question 20

ADH function

Answer 20

Participates in body water regulation (water is lost from lungs, sweat, feces and urine on a daily bas

Question 21

secretion of ADH is stimulated by

Answer 21

decrease in blood vol
decrease in bp
pain, fear, trauma , and stress

Question 22

ADH– V2 in the kidneys

Answer 22

Decreases water excretion by kidneys

Question 23

ADH– V1 in the kidneys

Answer 23

Constricts blood vessels (V1 receptors)- arteriolar smooth muscle

Question 24

ADH– V1B

Answer 24

Increases adrenocorticortropin hormone (V1B receptors) secretion from the anterior pituitary

Question 25

increase in osmolarity will cause

Answer 25

release of vasopressin

Question 26

oxytocin function

Answer 26

Secretion is increased during labor
May also act to facilitate sperm transport in uterus (non-pregnant state)
Increases contraction of smooth muscle of vas deferens