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Surgery > Abdominal Hernias > Flashcards

Abdominal Hernias Flashcards

1
Q

Components of hernia

A

Sac - Covering - Contents

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2
Q

Abdominal hernia in which there is only a portion of the bowel wall herniated

A

Richter’s hernia

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3
Q

Congenital Out pouching or bulge of the lower part of the small intestine (leftover of the umbilical cord)

A

Meckel’s diverticulum

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4
Q

Which of the facial is not a cause or a risk factor of abdominal-hernias?

  • Smoking.
  • Obesity.
  • Peritoneal dialysis.
  • Alcohol consumption.
A

D

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5
Q

Inguinal ring boundaries

A

Roof: E.oblique aponeurosis + Part of internal oblique.

Floor: Fascia transversals + Part of I.oblique.

Superiorly: conjoint tendon.
Inferiorly: inguinal ligament.

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6
Q

Hesselbach’s triangle boundaries

A

Medially: Rectus abdominus.

SuperoLaterally: Inferior epigastric vessels.

Inferiorly: Inguinal ligament.

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7
Q

If the sac of the hernia is medial to the epigastric vessels this is?

  • Direct inguinal.
  • Indirect inguinal.
  • Femoral.
  • Non of the above.
A

A

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8
Q

Contents of the inguinal canal

A

Iliofemoral nerve + Genitofemoral nerve + spermatic cord or round ligament

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9
Q

Most common in elderly + Acquired

A

Direct inguinal hernia

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10
Q

Most common in young + when baby crying + Congenital

A

Indirect inguinal hernia

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11
Q

Wide nick

A

Rarely strangulate

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12
Q

Has narrow neck + Prevesical fat + elderly

A

Funicular direct inguinal hernia

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13
Q

2 sacs medial and lateral to the epigastric vessels

A

Dual (pantaloon) direct inguinal hernia

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14
Q

Which inguinal hernia is more common to cause strangulations?

A

Indirect

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15
Q

…… hernias should always be repaired

A

Femoral hernias

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16
Q

Richter’s hernia is more common to occur in?

  • Inguinal hernia.
  • Femoral hernia.
  • Epigastric hernia.
  • Incisional hernia.
A

B

17
Q

The femoral hernia walls

FLII

A

Laterally: the femoral vein.
Medially: Lacunar ligament.
Anteriorly: Inguinal ligament.
Posteriorly: Pelvic bone covered by ileopectineal ligament.

18
Q

Which type of hernias is more common in females?

  • Inguinal.
  • Femoral.
  • Epigastric.
  • Incisional.
A

Femoral

19
Q

Below + lateral + lies in the upper leg

A

Femoral hernia

20
Q

Dixtic clue is seen in ?

A

Femoral hernia (remain palpable even if it is empty

21
Q

Strangulation or obstruction in the congenital umbilical hernia is uncommon before the age ……?

A

3 years

22
Q

Common in infants + most resolve spontaneously + rarely strangulate

A

Umbilical hernia in children

23
Q

Causes of umbilical hernia in adults

A

Any cause of linea alba stretching or thinning ( pregnancy - obesity - liver cirrhosis)

24
Q

Risk of strangulation is increased if the umbilical hernia in?

  • Adults.
  • Children.
A

Adults

25
Q

Crescent shaped + narrow neck

A

Paraumbilical hernia

26
Q

Women , obese , multiparous

A

Paraumbilical hernia

27
Q

If the paraumbilical hernia is firm and dull it contains?

  • Omentum.
  • Bowel.
A

Omentum (soft + Resonant= bowel)

28
Q

Mayo’s operation is done in ?

  • Umbilical hernia.
  • Para umbilical hernia.
  • Femoral hernia.
  • Epigastric hernia.
A

Paraumbilical hernia

29
Q

Common in athletes

A

Epigastric hernia

30
Q

Between the xiphoid process to the umbilicus (complain of epigastric pain)

A

Epigastric hernia (irreducible + no cough impulse)

31
Q

If the bowel forms one side of the sac this is called?

  • Sliding hernia.
  • Maydl’s hernia.
  • Incarceration.
  • Non of the above.
A

A

32
Q

If the sac is full of bowel + irreducible but it is not causing strangulation this is ?

  • Sliding hernia.
  • Maydl’s hernia.
  • Incarceration.
  • Non of the above.
A

C (only adhesions of contents to the inner walls of the sac)

33
Q

When two adjacent loops of bowel are in the sac this is called?

  • Sliding hernia.
  • Maydl’s hernia.
  • Incarceration.
  • Non of the above.
A

B

34
Q

Basini’s repair

A

Herniorhaphy

35
Q

Lichenstein’s mesh repair

A

Hernioplasty

36
Q

Most common hernia in both sexes

A

Indirect inguinal hernia

37
Q

Most common hernia to strangulate

A

Femoral hernia

Surgery (14 decks)

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