1.3: Hybrid identities Flashcards

1
Q

A hybrid identity is when someone’s sense of who they are is a mixture of what?

A
A hybrid identity is when someone's sense of who they are is a mixture of:
1. 2
Or,
2. More
influences
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2
Q

A hybrid identity is when someone’s sense of who they are is a mixture of 2 or more influences.
A hybrid identity can be seen most clearly within what?

A

A hybrid identity can be seen most clearly within:

  1. Ethnicity
  2. Nationality
  3. Identity
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3
Q

A hybrid identity is when someone’s sense of who they are is a mixture of 2 or more influences.
A hybrid identity can be seen most clearly within ethnicity, nationality and identity.
An individual may have an identity as a British person, but also a what?

A

An individual may have an identity as a British person, but also a:

  1. Sikh
  2. Punjabi
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4
Q

A hybrid identity is when someone’s sense of who they are is a mixture of 2 or more influences.
A hybrid identity can be seen most clearly within ethnicity, nationality and identity.
An individual may have an identity as a British person, but also a Sikh and a Punjabi.
Therefore, their ethnic identity is a hybrid of both what?

A

Therefore, their ethnic identity is a hybrid of both:
1. British
2. Asian
ethnicity

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5
Q

A hybrid identity is when someone’s sense of who they are is a mixture of 2 or more influences.
A hybrid identity can be seen most clearly within ethnicity, nationality and identity.
An individual may have an identity as a British person, but also a Sikh and a Punjabi.
Therefore, their ethnic identity is a hybrid of both British and Asian ethnicity.
This is very common for 2nd- and 3rd- generation immigrants who grow up in one culture, but retain what?

A

This is very common for:
1. 2nd-
2. 3rd-
generation immigrants who grow up in one culture, but retain influences of their identity from their culture of origin

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6
Q

Labels to describe such hybrid identities have been developed, such as what?

A

Labels to describe such hybrid identities have been developed, such as:

  1. ‘Brasians’ (British and Asian)
  2. ‘Blasians’ (Black and Asian)
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7
Q

Labels to describe such hybrid identities have been developed, such as ‘Brasians’ (British and Asian) and ‘Blasians’ (Black and Asian).
Hybrid identities can also be found where?

A

Hybrid identities can also be found in the white British population

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8
Q

Labels to describe such hybrid identities have been developed, such as ‘Brasians’ (British and Asian) and ‘Blasians’ (Black and Asian).
Hybrid identities can also be found in the white British population, due to the influence of what?

A

Hybrid identities can also be found in the white British population, due to the influence of:

  1. Immigration
  2. Global culture
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9
Q

Labels to describe such hybrid identities have been developed, such as ‘Brasians’ (British and Asian) and ‘Blasians’ (Black and Asian).
Hybrid identities can also be found in the white British population, due to the influence of immigration and global culture.
Example

A

For example, ‘white wannabes’ is a term used by Nayak (2003)

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10
Q

Labels to describe such hybrid identities have been developed, such as ‘Brasians’ (British and Asian) and ‘Blasians’ (Black and Asian).
Hybrid identities can also be found in the white British population, due to the influence of immigration and global culture.
For example, ‘white wannabes’ is a term used by Nayak (2003) to describe who?

A

For example, ‘white wannabes’ is a term used by Nayak (2003) to describe white British males who:
1. Dress
2. Act
3. Speak
in a way that is influenced by black hip-hop culture

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11
Q

Cultural hybridity is the merging of cultures and refers to the what of cultural influences?

A
Cultural hybridity is the merging of cultures and refers to the:
1. Mixture
Or,
2. Fusion
of cultural influences
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12
Q

Cultural hybridity is the merging of cultures and refers to the mixture or fusion of cultural influences.
The term is very relevant to the UK today with increased what?

A

The term is very relevant to the UK today with increased:
1. Intercultural
2. Intracultural
diversity

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13
Q

Cultural hybridity is the merging of cultures and refers to the mixture or fusion of cultural influences.
The term is very relevant to the UK today with increased intercultural and intracultural diversity.
Even areas with little immigration are still what?

A

Even areas with little immigration are still shaped by cultural hybridity

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14
Q

Cultural hybridity is the merging of cultures and refers to the mixture or fusion of cultural influences.
The term is very relevant to the UK today with increased intercultural and intracultural diversity.
Even areas with little immigration are still shaped by cultural hybridity due to what?

A

Even areas with little immigration are still shaped by cultural hybridity due to:

  1. Globalisation
  2. Media influences
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15
Q

How does globalisation relate to the idea of hybrid identity?

A

Globalisation relates to the idea of hybrid identity, because products from different cultures are used

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16
Q

How does postmodernism relate to the idea of hybrid identity?

A

Postmodernism relates to the idea of hybrid identity, because postmodernists believe that:

  1. Society is changing
  2. You can’t put people into fixed groups
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17
Q

The agencies of socialisation relate to the idea of hybrid identity, because the family is where what is learnt?

A

The agencies of socialisation relate to the idea of hybrid identity, because the family is where:
1. Certain cultural norms
2. The mother tongue
is learnt

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18
Q

The agencies of socialisation relate to the idea of hybrid identity, because the peer group can influence what?

A

The agencies of socialisation relate to the idea of hybrid identity, because the peer group can influence your identity

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19
Q

How does the increasing population movement relate to the idea of hybrid identity?

A

The increasing population movement relates to the idea of hybrid identity, because of cultural homogenisation

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20
Q

The increasing population movement relates to the idea of hybrid identity, because of cultural homogenisation.
Culture is what?

A

Culture is disappearing

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21
Q

The increasing population movement relates to the idea of hybrid identity, because of cultural homogenisation.
Culture is disappearing, through people losing what, for example?

A

Culture is disappearing, through people losing their mother tongues, for example

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22
Q

The increasing population movement relates to the idea of hybrid identity, because of cultural homogenisation.
Culture is disappearing, through people losing their mother tongues, for example.
This links to who?

A

This links to:

  1. Modood
  2. Berthoud
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23
Q

The increasing population movement relates to the idea of hybrid identity, because of cultural homogenisation.
Culture is disappearing, through people losing their mother tongues, for example.
This links to Modood and Berthoud.
There is a what decline of religion?

A

There is a secularisation decline of religion

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24
Q

Hybrid identity is where different forms of identity overlap where?

A

Hybrid identity is where different forms of identity overlap in migrant populations

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25
Q

Hybrid identity is where different forms of identity overlap in migrant populations and what emerge as a result?

A

Hybrid identity is where:

  1. Different forms of identity overlap in migrant populations
  2. New forms of ethnicity emerge as a result
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26
Q

Hybrid identity is where different forms of identity overlap in migrant populations and new forms of ethnicity emerge as a result.
Often this involves what?

A

Often this involves performance (enacting, in a visible way) of particular cultural practices

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27
Q

Hybrid identity is where different forms of identity overlap in migrant populations and new forms of ethnicity emerge as a result.
Often this involves performance (enacting, in a visible way) of particular cultural practices.
Hybrid identities represent a what?

A

Hybrid identities represent a historical transformation

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28
Q

Hybrid identity is where different forms of identity overlap in migrant populations and new forms of ethnicity emerge as a result.
Often this involves performance (enacting, in a visible way) of particular cultural practices.
Hybrid identities represent a historical transformation, in other words what?

A

Hybrid identities represent a historical transformation, in other words a change of identity

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29
Q

Hybrid identity is where different forms of identity overlap in migrant populations and new forms of ethnicity emerge as a result.
Often this involves performance (enacting, in a visible way) of particular cultural practices.
Hybrid identities represent a historical transformation, in other words a change of identity.
These changes are unique, because they are what and so are what?

A

These changes are unique, because they:

  1. Are negotiated
  2. So are the product of some kind of discussion
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30
Q

Hybrid identity is where different forms of identity overlap in migrant populations and new forms of ethnicity emerge as a result.
Often this involves performance (enacting, in a visible way) of particular cultural practices.
Hybrid identities represent a historical transformation, in other words a change of identity.
These changes are unique, because they are negotiated and so are the product of some kind of discussion.
Hybrid identities often reflect what?

A

Hybrid identities often reflect power relationships

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31
Q

Who is the author of the Hinglish dictionary, ‘The Queen’s Hinglish?’

A

Baljinder Mahal is the author of the Hinglish dictionary, ‘The Queen’s Hinglish’

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32
Q

Baljinder Mahal is the author of the Hinglish dictionary, ‘The Queen’s Hinglish.’
Mahal observed that the Hinglish language is now what?

A

Mahal observed that the Hinglish language is now spoken in many:
1. Homes
2. Multicultural school playgrounds
in the UK

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33
Q

Baljinder Mahal is the author of the Hinglish dictionary, ‘The Queen’s Hinglish.’
Mahal observed that the Hinglish language is now spoken in many homes and multicultural school playgrounds in the UK.
According to Mahal, changes in language reflect what?

A

According to Mahal, changes in language reflect changes in identities

34
Q

Baljinder Mahal is the author of the Hinglish dictionary, ‘The Queen’s Hinglish.’
Mahal observed that the Hinglish language is now spoken in many homes and multicultural school playgrounds in the UK.
According to Mahal, changes in language reflect changes in identities.
Mahal argues that individuals are not expected to have what?

A

Mahal argues that individuals are not expected to have one fixed identity

35
Q

Baljinder Mahal is the author of the Hinglish dictionary, ‘The Queen’s Hinglish.’
Mahal observed that the Hinglish language is now spoken in many homes and multicultural school playgrounds in the UK.
According to Mahal, changes in language reflect changes in identities.
Mahal argues that individuals are not expected to have one fixed identity and the same should therefore be true of what?

A

Mahal argues that:

  1. Individuals are not expected to have one fixed identity
  2. The same should therefore be true of the languages they speak
36
Q

Who argues that more young people are using what?

A

Sue Fox argues that more young people are using multicultural London English

37
Q

Sue Fox argues that more young people are using multicultural London English, which is dubbed what?

A

Sue Fox argues that more young people are using multicultural London English, which is dubbed ‘Jafaican’

38
Q

Sue Fox argues that more young people are using multicultural London English, which is dubbed ‘Jafaican’ - the accusation of what?

A

Sue Fox argues that more young people are using multicultural London English, which is dubbed ‘Jafaican’ - the accusation of trying to:
1. Copy Jamaicans
Or,
2. ‘Be black’

39
Q

Sue Fox argues that more young people are using multicultural London English, which is dubbed ‘Jafaican’ - the accusation of trying to copy Jamaicans or ‘trying to be black.’
Fox claims that the reason that young people are using this dialect is because they have what?

A

Fox claims that the reason that young people are using this dialect is because they have grown up around other young people from diverse backgrounds

40
Q

Sue Fox argues that more young people are using multicultural London English, which is dubbed ‘Jafaican’ - the accusation of trying to copy Jamaicans or ‘trying to be black.’
Fox claims that the reason that young people are using this dialect is because they have grown up around other young people from diverse backgrounds and therefore what?

A

Fox claims that the reason that young people are using this dialect is because they:

  1. Have grown up around other young people from diverse backgrounds
  2. Therefore share culture
41
Q

Sue Fox argues that more young people are using multicultural London English, which is dubbed ‘Jafaican’ - the accusation of trying to copy Jamaicans or ‘trying to be black.’
Fox claims that the reason that young people are using this dialect is because they have grown up around other young people from diverse backgrounds and therefore share culture.
The dialect is what to them?

A

The dialect is authentic to them

42
Q

Sue Fox argues that more young people are using multicultural London English, which is dubbed ‘Jafaican’ - the accusation of trying to copy Jamaicans or ‘trying to be black.’
Fox claims that the reason that young people are using this dialect is because they have grown up around other young people from diverse backgrounds and therefore share culture.
The dialect is authentic to them.
Examples of Jafaican are what?

A

Examples of Jafaican are:

  1. Bare = Lots
  2. Ends/endz = Neighbourhood
43
Q

Cultural appropriation

A

Cultural appropriation is a sociological concept that views the:
1. Adoption
Or,
2. Use of
elements of one culture by members of a different culture as a largely negative phenomenon

44
Q

Cultural appropriation is a sociological concept that views the adoption or use of elements of one culture by members of a different culture as a largely negative phenomenon.
Generally, an assumption that what is prerequisite to the concept?

A

Generally, an assumption that the culture being borrowed from is also being oppressed by the culture doing the borrowing is prerequisite to the concept

45
Q

Cultural appreciation

A

Cultural appreciation is:

  1. Learning about another culture with respect and courtesy
  2. Appreciating a certain culture enough to take time to learn about it, interact with people among the culture and actually understand the culture
46
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as what?

A

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the:

  1. Ethnic culture of their parents
  2. Mainstream culture of Britain
47
Q

Postmodernist thinkers have developed the idea of ‘hybridity’ to refer to what?

A

Postmodernist thinkers have developed the idea of ‘hybridity’ to refer to the mixing of:
1. 2
Or,
2. More
cultures in a ‘pick-and-mix’ approach to identity construction

48
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Who (what year) uses the term cultural navigation?

A

Roger Ballard (1994) uses the term cultural navigation

49
Q
The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Roger Ballard (1994) uses the term cultural navigation to argue that his research found what?
A

Roger Ballard (1994) uses the term cultural navigation to argue that his research found that young Asians manage to navigate between:
1. Asian
2. Mainstream
cultures with relative ease

50
Q
The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Roger Ballard (1994) uses the term cultural navigation to argue that his research found that young Asians manage to navigate between Asian and mainstream cultures with relative ease.
Ballard said that the conflict between Asian teenagers and their parents has been what?
A

Ballard said that the conflict between:
1. Asian teenagers
2. Their parents
has been exaggerated

51
Q
The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Roger Ballard (1994) uses the term cultural navigation to argue that his research found that young Asians manage to navigate between Asian and mainstream cultures with relative ease.
Ballard said that the conflict between Asian teenagers and their parents has been exaggerated.
Young people simply do what?
A

Young people simply switch codes

52
Q
The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Roger Ballard (1994) uses the term cultural navigation to argue that his research found that young Asians manage to navigate between Asian and mainstream cultures with relative ease.
Ballard said that the conflict between Asian teenagers and their parents has been exaggerated.
Young people simply switch codes.
This means that in their parent's home they fit into what?
A

This means that in their parent’s home they fit into Asian cultural expectations

53
Q
The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Roger Ballard (1994) uses the term cultural navigation to argue that his research found that young Asians manage to navigate between Asian and mainstream cultures with relative ease.
Ballard said that the conflict between Asian teenagers and their parents has been exaggerated.
Young people simply switch codes.
This means that in their parent's home they fit into Asian cultural expectations, but outside the home they do what?
A

This means that in their parent’s home they fit into Asian cultural expectations, but outside the home they blend into mainstream lifestyles

54
Q
The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Roger Ballard (1994) uses the term cultural navigation to argue that his research found that young Asians manage to navigate between Asian and mainstream cultures with relative ease.
Ballard said that the conflict between Asian teenagers and their parents has been exaggerated.
Young people simply switch codes.
This means that in their parent's home they fit into Asian cultural expectations, but outside the home they blend into mainstream lifestyles.
For the most part, they do what?
A

For the most part, they handle the 2 cultures with few problems

55
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Who (what year) has researched how young Asian Muslim women in Britain do what?

A

Charlotte Butler (1995) has researched how young Asian Muslim women in Britain cope with the:

  1. Culture of their parents at home
  2. Dominant British culture
56
Q
The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Charlotte Butler (1995) has researched how young Asian Muslim women in Britain cope with the culture of their parents at home and the dominant British culture.
Butler did her research where?
A

Butler did her research in:

  1. Coventry
  2. Bradford
57
Q
The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Charlotte Butler (1995) has researched how young Asian Muslim women in Britain cope with the culture of their parents at home and the dominant British culture.
Butler did her research in Coventry and Bradford and carried out what?
A

Butler:

  1. Did her research in Coventry and Bradford
  2. Carried out 30 semi-structured interviews
58
Q
The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Charlotte Butler (1995) has researched how young Asian Muslim women in Britain cope with the culture of their parents at home and the dominant British culture.
Butler did her research in Coventry and Bradford and carried out 30 semi-structured interviews.
Butler found that the women remained what?
A

Butler found that the women remained committed to their:

  1. Religion
  2. Muslim identity
59
Q
The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Charlotte Butler (1995) has researched how young Asian Muslim women in Britain cope with the culture of their parents at home and the dominant British culture.
Butler did her research in Coventry and Bradford and carried out 30 semi-structured interviews.
Butler found that the women remained committed to their religion and their Muslim identity.
The racism that they had experienced led them to do what?
A

The racism that they had experienced led them to reject British as an identity

60
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Charlotte Butler (1995) has researched how young Asian Muslim women in Britain cope with the culture of their parents at home and the dominant British culture.
Butler did her research in Coventry and Bradford and carried out 30 semi-structured interviews.
Butler found that the women remained committed to their religion and their Muslim identity.
The racism that they had experienced led them to reject British as an identity, although they felt what?

A

The racism that they had experienced led them to reject British as an identity, although they felt that Britain was their home

61
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Charlotte Butler (1995) has researched how young Asian Muslim women in Britain cope with the culture of their parents at home and the dominant British culture.
Butler did her research in Coventry and Bradford and carried out 30 semi-structured interviews.
Butler found that the women remained committed to their religion and their Muslim identity.
The racism that they had experienced led them to reject British as an identity, although they felt that Britain was their home.
They were also critical of what?

A

They were also critical of aspects of Asian culture

62
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Charlotte Butler (1995) has researched how young Asian Muslim women in Britain cope with the culture of their parents at home and the dominant British culture.
Butler did her research in Coventry and Bradford and carried out 30 semi-structured interviews.
Butler found that the women remained committed to their religion and their Muslim identity.
The racism that they had experienced led them to reject British as an identity, although they felt that Britain was their home.
They were also critical of aspects of Asian culture, which they felt what?

A

They were also critical of aspects of Asian culture, which they felt:
1. Were not related to their religion
,but
2. Came from Pakistani or Bangladeshi culture

63
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Charlotte Butler (1995) has researched how young Asian Muslim women in Britain cope with the culture of their parents at home and the dominant British culture.
Butler did her research in Coventry and Bradford and carried out 30 semi-structured interviews.
Butler found that the women remained committed to their religion and their Muslim identity.
The racism that they had experienced led them to reject British as an identity, although they felt that Britain was their home.
They were also critical of aspects of Asian culture, which they felt were not related to their religion, but came from Pakistani or Bangladeshi culture.
This generation of women were doing what?

A

This generation of women were:

  1. Losing some of the traditional values of the old culture
  2. Adapting to both cultures
64
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Who argues that young British Asians are very skilled what?

A

Brah argues that young British Asians are very skilled cultural code switchers

65
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Brah argues that young British Asians are very skilled cultural code switchers and that this is a more what way to see their identities than as what?

A

Brah argues that young British Asians are very skilled cultural code switchers and that this is a more appropriate way to see their identities than as a:
1. Hybrid
Or,
2. Cross between 2 cultures

66
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Brah argues that young British Asians are very skilled cultural code switchers and that this is a more appropriate way to see their identities than as a hybrid or a cross between 2 cultures.
Brah suggests that the idea of 2 cultures is what?

A

Brah suggests that the idea of 2 cultures is misleading

67
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Brah argues that young British Asians are very skilled cultural code switchers and that this is a more appropriate way to see their identities than as a hybrid or a cross between 2 cultures.
Brah suggests that the idea of 2 cultures is misleading, since neither white British culture nor Asian culture are what?

A

Brah suggests that the idea of 2 cultures is misleading, since neither white British culture nor Asian culture are:
1. Clear cut
2. Homogenous
anyway

68
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Brah argues that young British Asians are very skilled cultural code switchers and that this is a more appropriate way to see their identities than as a hybrid or a cross between 2 cultures.
Brah suggests that the idea of 2 cultures is misleading, since neither white British culture nor Asian culture are clear cut and homogenous anyway.
The idea that young British Asians experience conflict or culture clash is not what?

A
The idea that young British Asians experience:
1. Conflict
Or,
2. Culture clash
is not backed up by evidence
69
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Brah argues that young British Asians are very skilled cultural code switchers and that this is a more appropriate way to see their identities than as a hybrid or a cross between 2 cultures.
Brah suggests that the idea of 2 cultures is misleading, since neither white British culture nor Asian culture are clear cut and homogenous anyway.
The idea that young British Asians experience conflict or culture clash is not backed up by evidence and most will find ways to successfully do what?

A

The idea that young British Asians experience conflict or culture clash is not backed up by evidence and most will find ways to successfully negotiate their own identity

70
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Brah argues that young British Asians are very skilled cultural code switchers and that this is a more appropriate way to see their identities than as a hybrid or a cross between 2 cultures.
Brah suggests that the idea of 2 cultures is misleading, since neither white British culture nor Asian culture are clear cut and homogenous anyway.
The idea that young British Asians experience conflict or culture clash is not backed up by evidence and most will find ways to successfully negotiate their own identity, as will what?

A

The idea that young British Asians experience conflict or culture clash is not backed up by evidence and most will find ways to successfully negotiate their own identity, as will any young person living in a:
1. Globalised
2. Hybrid
culture such as the UK

71
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Who has observed how new hybrid identities have been emerging among young people in Britain?

A

Les Black has observed how new hybrid identities have been emerging among young people in Britain

72
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Les Black has observed how new hybrid identities have been emerging among young people in Britain.
In his study of what, Black found what?

A

In his study of 2 council estates in South London, Black found that British:
1. White
2. Black
3. Asian
youngsters were trying out new cultural ‘masks’

73
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Les Black has observed how new hybrid identities have been emerging among young people in Britain.
In his study of 2 council estates in South London, Black found that British White, Black and Asian youngsters were trying out new cultural ‘masks.’
Black’s research showed that what was common in and around the capital?

A

Black’s research showed that interracial:
1. Friendship
2. Interaction
was common in and around the capital

74
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Les Black has observed how new hybrid identities have been emerging among young people in Britain.
In his study of 2 council estates in South London, Black found that British White, Black and Asian youngsters were trying out new cultural ‘masks.’
Black’s research showed that interracial friendship and interaction was common in and around the capital and that this produced what?

A

Black’s research showed that interracial friendship and interaction was common in and around the capital and that this produced considerable ‘cultural borrowing’ and experimentation in relation to:

  1. Music
  2. Dress
  3. Language
75
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Les Black has observed how new hybrid identities have been emerging among young people in Britain.
In his study of 2 council estates in South London, Black found that British White, Black and Asian youngsters were trying out new cultural ‘masks.’
Black’s research showed that interracial friendship and interaction was common in and around the capital and that this produced considerable ‘cultural borrowing’ and experimentation in relation to music, dress and language.
This meant, for example, that what?

A

This meant, for example, that White and Asian youngsters living in these areas were more likely to listen to:
1. Rap
2. Reggae music
than pop and rock

76
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Who carried out a survey among British Asian sixth-form students in the West Midlands?

A

Gill carried out a survey among British Asian sixth-form students in the West Midlands

77
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Gill carried out a survey among British Asian sixth-form students in the West Midlands and found that they could identify groups of students as being what?

A

Gill carried out a survey among British Asian sixth-form students in the West Midlands and found that they could identify groups of students as being ‘Blasian’

78
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Gill carried out a survey among British Asian sixth-form students in the West Midlands and found that they could identify groups of students as being ‘Blasian,’ meaning the fusion or mixing of the cultures among British Asians, predominantly based on what?

A
Gill carried out a survey among British Asian sixth-form students in the West Midlands and found that they could identify groups of students as being 'Blasian,' meaning the fusion or mixing of the cultures among British Asians, predominantly based on:
1. Black
Or,
2. Afro-Caribbean
culture
79
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Gill carried out a survey among British Asian sixth-form students in the West Midlands and found that they could identify groups of students as being ‘Blasian,’ meaning the fusion or mixing of the cultures among British Asians, predominantly based on black or Afro-Caribbean culture.
This new ethnic identity includes what?

A

This new ethnic identity includes:

  1. A ‘black’ style of dress
  2. Black linguistic forms and musical tastes
  3. Friendship groups that included black youths
  4. A physical appearance that imitated black styles
80
Q

The second generation, born and raised in this country, are sometimes portrayed as torn between 2 cultures, the ethnic culture of their parents and the mainstream culture of Britain.
Gill carried out a survey among British Asian sixth-form students in the West Midlands and found that they could identify groups of students as being ‘Blasian,’ meaning the fusion or mixing of the cultures among British Asians, predominantly based on black or Afro-Caribbean culture.
This new ethnic identity includes a ‘black’ style of dress, black linguistic forms and musical tastes, friendship groups that included black youths and a physical appearance (such as what) that imitated black styles?

A

This new ethnic identity includes:

  1. A ‘black’ style of dress
  2. Black linguistic forms and musical tastes
  3. Friendship groups that included black youths
  4. A physical appearance (such as hair) that imitated black styles