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Nursing Year One > Micro- Ch 11 > Flashcards

Micro- Ch 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Name the five categories within Proteobacteria

A
  1. Alpha
  2. Beta
  3. Gamma
  4. Delta
  5. Epsilon
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2
Q

What is one example of Alphaproeobacteria?

A

Ricksettsia rickettsii

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3
Q

What are two examples of Betaproteobacteria?

A 
1. Bordettella (respiratory disease in animals) 
2 Neisseria (gonnorrhae)
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4
Q

What are two examples of Neisseria?

A
  1. N. gonnorrhaea

2. N. cocci

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5
Q

What are five examples of Gammaproteobacteria?

A
  1. Pseudomonodales
  2. Legionellales
  3. Vibrionales
  4. Enteriobacteriales
  5. Pasteurellales
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6
Q

What are two examples of pseudomonodales?

A
  1. P. aeruginosa

2. Maraxella lacunta

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7
Q

What are two examples of Legionellales?

A
  1. L. pneumophilia (Leihonnaires’ disease)

2. Coxiella burnetti (Q fever)

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8
Q

What are three examples of Enteriobacteriales?

A
  1. Escherichia coli (E-coli)
  2. Salmonella
  3. Shingella
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9
Q

What is an example of Pasteurellales?

A

Hemophilus influenza (memingitis)

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10
Q

What are four categories within Non-Proteobacteria?

A
  1. Chlamydiae
  2. Bacteriodetes
  3. Fusobacteria
  4. Spirochaetes
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11
Q

What are two categories within epsilonproteobacteria?

A
  1. Campylobacter

2. Helicoptor

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12
Q

What are the two types of Gram-ve Eubacteria?

A
  1. Proteobacteria

2. Non-Proteobacteria

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13
Q

What are the two types of Gram+ve Eubacteria?

A
  1. Firmicutes (Low G+C)

2. Actinobacteria (High G+C)

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14
Q

What are the four categories within Firmicutes?

A
  1. Clostridiales
  2. Bacillales
  3. Lactobacillales
  4. Mycoplasma
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15
Q

What are four examples of Clostridales Firmicutes?

A
  1. C. tetani
  2. C. perfringes (food poisoning)
  3. C. botulinum (food poisoning)
  4. C. diff
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16
Q

What are two examples of Bacillales?

A
  1. Bacillus anthracis (anthrax)

2. Staphylococcus aureus

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17
Q

What are three examples of Lactobacillales Firmicutes?

A
  1. L. sp
  2. Streptococcus
    • S. pyogenes (TSS, necrotic fasciitis, reumatic/scarlet fever)
    • S. mutans (gingivitis)
    • S. pneumoniae
  3. Enterococcus
    • E. faecalis
    • E. faecium (neonatal meningitis, endocarditis)
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18
Q

What is an example of Mycoplasma?

A

M. pneumoniae

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19
Q

What are the three examples of Actinobacteria?

A
  1. Myobacterium
  2. Cornybacterium
  3. Propionibacterium acnes
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20
Q

Is proteobacteria gram+ve or gram-ve?

A

gram-ve

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21
Q

Ricksettia ricksetti

A
  • grame-ve
  • proteobacteria
  • alpha
  • parasite
  • passed on by ticks
  • attacks cardiovascular system
  • causes spotted fever
  • bacilli or coccobaccilli
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22
Q

Bordetella pertussis

A
  • beta
  • proteobacteria
  • gram-ve
  • rods
  • aerobic
  • capsule
  • pertussis (whooping cough)
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23
Q

Neisseria gonnorrheae

A
  • proteobacteria
  • beta
  • gram-ve
  • gonnorrheae
  • aerobic
  • capsule
  • fimbrae
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24
Q

Neisseria cocci

A
  • meningitis

- capsule

25
Q

In what age group is meningitis most common?

A
  • college students
26
Q

Pseudomonadales aeruginosa

A
  • rods
  • flagella (mono or lopho)
  • aerophile
  • produce pigment (blue-green)
  • can cause UTI
  • grows on burn wounds
  • grow in quads
  • grow in abtibodies aniseptis
  • grow on foods
27
Q

Moraxella lacunta

A
  • coccobacillus
  • conjunctivitis
  • gamma
  • pseudomonodales
28
Q

Legionella pneumophile

A
  • rod
  • spread by water
  • causes pneumonia (mild or fatal)
  • gamma
29
Q

Coxiella burnetti

A
  • rod
  • spreads through endospores
  • causes pneumonia
  • legionellales
  • gamma
30
Q

Vibrionales

A
  • move with flagella
  • cause cholera
  • facultative anaerobe
  • gamma
31
Q

Enteriobacteriales all…

A
  • rods
  • facultative anaerobes
  • flagella (peri-trichous)
  • attach to intestine using fimbrae
  • use pilus
  • produce bacteriocins
32
Q

Escherichia coli

A
  • “coliform”
  • gastroenteritis
  • traveller’s diarrhea
  • UTI
  • grows well in lab
  • Gamma
33
Q

Salmonella

A
  • gastroenteritis
  • found in food
  • gamma
  • enteriobacteriales
34
Q

What is the difference between S. enterica and S. hyphi?

A

S. e- from food

S. h- human carrier

35
Q

Shingella

A
  • dysentry
  • 10-20 bowel movements
  • severe dehydration
  • gamma
  • enteriobacteriales
36
Q

Hemophilus influenza

A
  • pasteuralles
  • gamma
  • not related to flu
  • loves blood (grown in blood agar)
  • require X-factor needed for aerobic resp, and ETC cytochrome and V-factor (NAD)
  • cause meningitis, otitus medi, pneumonia, arthritis, and epiglottis
37
Q

Helicoptor pylori

A
  • peptic ulcer
  • epsilon
  • microaerophiles
  • peri-trocher
  • vibrio
38
Q

Compylobacter jejuni

A
  • gastroenteritis
  • microaerophiles
  • monotrichous
  • vibrio
  • epsilon
39
Q

Chlamydia tranchomatis

A
  • trachoma
  • lympho granuloma
  • non- gonnoccal urethritis
  • coccobacillus
40
Q

Life Cycle of Chlamydia tranchomatis

A
  1. Elementary Body
  2. Reticulate Body
  3. New Elementary Body created
    * only stopped with antibiotics
41
Q

Fusobacteria/ Bacteriodes

A
  • rods
  • anaerobe
  • oral cavity (gingivitis)
42
Q

What is the difference between Fusobacteria/ Bacteriodes?

A

pertionitis present in bac not fus

43
Q

Spirochetes

A
  • treponema pallidum
  • spiral
  • hair-like
  • cannot grow in lab with live organism (wiggle away)
  • often use rabbits for testing as they have the same symptoms as us
44
Q

Clostridales

A
  • form endospores
  • terminal
  • rods
    anaerobe
  • carried in soil
45
Q

Bacillus anthracis

A
  • endospores
  • central
  • rods
  • aerobic or facultative anaerobes
  • soil
  • bioweapon
46
Q

Staphylococcus aureus

A
  • bacillus
  • cluster
  • cocci
  • facultative anaerobe
  • skin infecton
  • TSS
  • food poisons
  • UTI
  • skin flora
47
Q

Lactobacillus

A
  • obligate fermentors
  • in commercial items (cheese/yogurt)
  • aerotolerant
  • rods
48
Q

Lactobacillus in Hospitals

A
  • keeps genital region sterile
  • increase in quantity in puberty and pregnancy
  • disturbance causes UTI (e.g strong soaps)
  • acidic
  • newborn’s first contact
49
Q

Streptococcus

A
  • Aerotolerant

- requires blood agar

50
Q

What is Alpha-Hemolysis?

A
  • green zone
  • Hb changes into Meth Hb (causes green colour)
  • S mutans, S pneumonia
51
Q

What is Beta-Hemolysis?

A
  • clear zone

- Rheumatic fever and Scarlet fever grow like this

52
Q

What strain of Streptococcus does not require blood agar?

A

S. Mutans

53
Q

Listeria monocytogenes

A
  • lactobacille
  • grow in monocytes
  • rods
  • facultative anaerobe
  • psychotrophs
  • milk, feta, salads, brie, sausage, cold cuts
54
Q

Mycoplasma

A
  • no cell wall
  • very contagious with mild symptoms
  • fried egg
  • pleomorphine
  • add sterols (steroid alcohol in membrane allows for membrane fluidity regulation)
  • pliable
55
Q

Why is penicillin useless for Mycoplasma? What is used instead?

A
  • no cell wall

- tetracycline

56
Q

Myobacterium tuberculosin

A
  • rods
  • aerobic
  • mycholic acid in waxy lipid layer
  • acid fast staining
  • nutrients enter slowly
  • resistant to dying (spread through body fluids)
  • resistant to antibiotics
  • resistant to antiseptics
  • colonies appear in 4-6 months
57
Q

Cornybacterium Diotheriae

A
  • rod arranged in picket fence or pleomorphic arrangement
  • facultative anaerobe
  • diptheria suffocates
  • quickly developing
  • prevented with DTaP
  • metachromatic granules
  • store phosphate
58
Q

Propionibacterium acnes

A
  • rods
  • anaerobic
  • sebum in acne
  • P. species ferments swiss cheese creating flavour and holes

Nursing Year One (31 decks)

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