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Med Surg 2 > Urinary Quiz > Flashcards

Urinary Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

what are symptoms of hypovolemia

A

skin turgor, decreased BP, increased T, weak, weight loss, dark urine

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2
Q

what is treatment for hypovolemia

A

drink, IV fluids

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3
Q

what are symptoms of hypervolemia

A

increased weight, edema, increased BP, ascites, JVD, crackles in lungs

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4
Q

what are some treatments for hypervolemia

A

monitor lungs, decrease fluids and sodium, diuretics, dialysis

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5
Q

CA++

A

9-11

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6
Q

K+

A

3.5-5

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7
Q

Na+

A

135-145

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8
Q

BUN

A

8-20

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9
Q

Creatinine

A

.5-1.5

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10
Q

Specific Gravity

A

1.010-1.030

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11
Q

pH

A

7.35-7.45

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12
Q

CO2

A

35-45

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13
Q

HCO3

A

22-26

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14
Q

what are symptoms of low calcium

A

increased P, muscle cramps, trosseu’s, chvosteks

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15
Q

what are symptoms of high calcium

A

bone pain, weakness, polyuria, thirst

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16
Q

what are symptoms of low potassium

A

weakness, shallow breathing, N, V, orthostatic hypotension, lethargy

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17
Q

what are symptoms of high potassium

A

muscle twitches, weakness, cramps, V-fib, decreased BP, diarrhea

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18
Q

what is the most dangerous aspect of having a potassium imbalance

A

heart problems

19
Q

what are correct routes for potassium administration

A

oral, IV

20
Q

when looking at a blood gas what is the first value you might look at

A

pH

21
Q

what pH is acidic

A

<7.35

22
Q

what pH is alkalinic

A

> 7.45

23
Q

what is neutral

A

7.4

24
Q

what IV solutions are isotonic

A

D5W, NS .9%, Lactated Ringers

25
Q

what is insensible fluid loss

A

breathing and sweating

26
Q

what is osmosis

A

water going from greater concentration to lower

27
Q

Diffusion

A

particles going from greater concentration to lower

28
Q

Filtration

A

using pressure to move water from one place to another

29
Q

Active transport

A

goes from lesser concentration to greater with ATP

30
Q

2 lbs is roughly how much fluid

A

1 L

31
Q

Polyuria

A

peeing a lot

32
Q

Oliguria

A

little pee

33
Q

Dysuria

A

pain when urinating

34
Q

Nocturia

A

frequent urination at night

35
Q

Normal urine

A

1,000-2,000 mL/day. straw-amber color, lear, pH 4.6-8

36
Q

not normal in urine

A

glucose, ketones, bilirubin, protein, nitrates, RBC(kidney stone, UTI, cancer, trauma, disease)

37
Q

what is a renal angiography

A

imaging of kidneys to look at the blood vessels

38
Q

what are some things to assess prior to the test

A

assess for allergies to iodine

39
Q

what are directions for obtaining a 24 hour urine sample

A

urinate in toilet first time then rest goes in container. next day 1st urine goes in container, then can stop collecting

40
Q

what does specific gravity determine

A

how concentrated the urine is

41
Q

what 2 lab tests determine renal disease

A

BUN, Creatinine

42
Q

what is the main concern in care of a patient after a renal biopsy

A

observe for internal bleeding

43
Q

what are the directions for obtaining a clean catch urine specimen

A

wipe front to back; pee in toilet a little; pee in cup; then pee rest in toilet

44
Q

what are functions of the urinary system

A 
remove waste from body
balance fluids
balance electrolytes
produce erythropoietin and renin
Acid/base balance
activates vitamin D

Med Surg 2 (8 decks)

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