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med surg 2 > Urinary Unit Exam > Flashcards

Urinary Unit Exam Flashcards

1
Q

How do you check a graft for dialysis for patency

A

feel the thrill

hear the bruit

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2
Q

what precautions would you teach patient about dialysis

A

No BP or needle stick in same arm

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3
Q

Thiazide

A

chlorothiazide

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4
Q

loop

A

furosemide, bumetanide

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5
Q

osmotic

A

mannitol

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6
Q

carbonic anhydrase

A

actazolamide

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7
Q

potassium sparing

A

spironolactone

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8
Q

what are special instructions when teaching a patient about loop diuretics

A

take potassium supplements

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9
Q

what are some contraindications when giving loop diuretics

A

don’t give with aminoglycosides (mycin)

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10
Q

what type of diuretics would be used for increased intra-ocular pressure

A

carboic anhydrase inhibitor

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11
Q

how would you expect potassium overload to be treated

A

diuretics, limit K+ intake, kayexalate

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12
Q

what causes a positive chvostek and trosseau’s sign

A

hypocalcemia

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13
Q

which foods contain high potassium

A

banana, dried fruit

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14
Q

what is the most important aspect of a K+ imbalance

A

heart problems

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15
Q

know the difference between prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal failure

A

prerenal: before kidney
intrarenal: inside kidney
postrenal: after kidney

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16
Q

what are symptoms of end stage renal failure

A

edema, electrolyte imbalance, uric acid in urine, anemia

increased BUN & creatinine, polyuria, oliguria, anuria

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17
Q

in renal failure what are typical lab values

A 
hypocalcemia
hyperpohsphorus
increase BUN and creatinine
hypernatremia
hyperkalemia
metabolic acidosis
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18
Q

what is the cause of glomerulonephritis

A

strep

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19
Q

what is treatment for glomerulonephritis

A

NSAIDS, corticosteroids, prophylactic antibiotics, ACE inhibitors

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20
Q

why would a patient with diabetic nephropathy need less insulin

A

kidney isn’t able to break down and excrete so insulin stays in body longer

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21
Q

what is hemodialysis

A

takes blood out and filters it and puts it back

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22
Q

what is peritoneal dialysis

A

puts fluid in peritoneum and works as kidneys would by taking out the bad stuff from the blood through the semipermeable membrane

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23
Q

describe nursing care for a patient receiving hemodialysis

A

assess for bleeding, check circulation, No BP or IV in arm of access

24
Q

describe nursing care for someone receiving peritoneal dialysis

A

watch for infection, abdominal pain, rebound tenderness, increased protein, sterile technique

25
Q

what are possible complications of each

A

hemodialysis: decreased BP

peritoneal dialysis: peritonitis (infection)

26
Q

what is a nephrostomy tube

A

tube goes into kidney and comes out of back and empties into a container

27
Q

how would you care for a nephrostomy tube

A

don’t let it get kinked or clamped

28
Q

what is an ileal conduit

A

ileum gets attached to ureters and have a stoma to excrete urine

29
Q

what type of drainage would you expect to see from a ileal conduit

A

mucus - cloudy

30
Q

high risk for bladder cancer

A

cigarette smokers

31
Q

K+

A

3.5-5

32
Q

Na+

A

135-145

33
Q

Serum pH

A

7.35-7.45

34
Q

CO2

A

35-45

35
Q

PaO2

A

80-100

36
Q

HCO3-

A

22-26

37
Q

Mg++

A

1.5-2.5

38
Q

Ca++

A

9-11

39
Q

BUN

A

8-20

40
Q

Creatinie

A

.5-1.5

41
Q

how many mL in a tsp

A

5

42
Q

how many mL in a TBSP

A

15

43
Q

how many mL in a oz

A

30

44
Q

how many mL in a cup

A

235

45
Q

how many mL in a pint

A

470

46
Q

what medications would you expect a renal transplant to receive

A

Cyclosporine, Corticosteroids

47
Q

how many lbs in a kg

A

2.2

48
Q

how many G in a mL

A

1

49
Q

what foods contain vitamin K

A

greens, broccoli, cabbage

50
Q

how does the body make vitamin K

A

bacteria in intestines

51
Q

what if vitamin K the antidote for

A

Warfarin

52
Q

what is hypertonic

A

cell shrivels

53
Q

what is hypotonic

A

cell explodes

54
Q

what is isotonic

A

cell does nothing

55
Q

what must be done to all urine with a patient with renal calculi

A

strain the urine

med surg 2 (8 decks)

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