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LSCI230 > W10-C1 : microbiology of water > Flashcards

W10-C1 : microbiology of water Flashcards

1
Q

What are the factors that influence the number of phytooplankton?

A
  1. light
  2. temperature
  3. availability of specific limiting nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus
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2
Q

What are the two limiting nutrients in of the phytoplankton?

A
  1. nitrogen

2. phosphorus

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3
Q

What is the name of the zone in which the light can penetrate in the water?

A

photic zone

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4
Q

T or F : phytoplankton is eukaryote

A

false, cyanobacteria is also a phytoplankton and it is a bacteria.

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5
Q

What is the term of the organisms that live in the salt water?

A

halotolerant

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6
Q

What is the term refering to the low nutrient concentration found in the ocean?

A

oligotrophic.

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7
Q

Where does the bulk of the primary productivity comes from in the open ocean?

A

prochlorophytes.

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8
Q

T or F : the prochlorococcus doesn’t have phycobillins

A

true, that is why it is so green

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9
Q

What are the most abodant photsynthetic organisms in the ocean?

A

procholorococus. (from the prochlorophytes).

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10
Q

why is trichodesmium brown while prochlorococus is green

A

because the trichodesmium has phycobillins

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11
Q

What is the term of a water rich in nutrients and so supporting a dense plant population, the decomposition of which kills animal life by depriving it of oxygen.

A

eutrophic

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12
Q

why is there more zooplankton an aquatic animal in coastal water?

A

beause of the high nutrient concentration supporting the presence of primary productivity and then higher levels of zoo plancton and aquatic animal benefiting from that primary productivitiy

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13
Q

What causes red tides?

A

algal bloom of dinoflagellate.

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14
Q

The excess in which nutrient is related to the red tide?

A

nitrogen.

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15
Q

What is marine snow?

A

sinking of organic matter from upper water to deeper water

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16
Q

T or F : there can’t be heterotroph at the sea floor because there is no nutrient

A

false

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17
Q

what are the two nutrients that are limiting of the microbial life in lakes

A

phosphorous and nitrogen

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18
Q

Complete : in oligotrophic lakes the primary production is _____

A

low

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19
Q

______ growth is inhibited in the oligotrophic lakes because of the lack of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorous)

A

chemoheterotrophs

20
Q

complete : in a eutrophic lake, the primary production is ____

A

high

21
Q

in _____ lake the primary production is low and the organic matter is ____

A

low

22
Q

What is the name of the colder bottom layer in lakes?

A

hypolimnion

23
Q

What is the name of the warmer top layer in lakes?

A

epilimnion

24
Q

What is the name of the zone of rapid temperature change in lakes?

A

thermocline

25
Q

What is the BOD?

A

Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) : it describes the measure of how much oxygen needs to be present in order to use up all the organic matter in the water os a measure of the pollution by organic matter.

26
Q

if there is a high amounts of organic matter in a lake, the BOD will be ____

A

high

27
Q

Where does most of the water borne pathogen grows?

A

in the intestinal tract

28
Q

What is the transmission medium of water-borne pathogens?

A

fecal contamination of water supplies.

29
Q

Giardialamblia and Cryptosporidium parvum are example of water born pathoogenic caused by _____

A

protozoa (free living eukaryote)

30
Q

Giardialamblia and Cryptosporidium parvum forms ____

A

cysts

31
Q

Why are Giardialamblia and Cryptosporidium parvum able to live in swimming pool?

A

because they are resistant to chlorine

32
Q

What are the two indicators of pathogens in the water quality control?

A
  1. coliforms

2. fecal coliforms.

33
Q

Which one can growth at temperature of 44.5˚c? coliforms or fecal coliforms?

A

fecal coliforms

34
Q

What is the the factors that is used to defirentiate fecal coliforms and coliforms?

A

the fact that fecal coliforms live at 44.5˚C

35
Q

Give the features of coliforms

A 
Facultative aerobic
Gram‐negative
non spore‐forming
rod‐shaped bacteria
can ferment lactose with gas formation within 48 hours at 35°C.
36
Q

What are the two test being made to look for coliforms

A

MPN and membrane filtration

37
Q

What are the aim of water treatment

A

– remove pathogens
– improve clarity of water
– remove compounds that give bad smell or taste
– soften the water

38
Q

What are the various steps in the water treatment?

A
  1. sedimentation
  2. flocculation txt
  3. filtration
  4. disinfection
39
Q

What does the flocs traps in the flocculation step

A

they trap fine particles (clay, bacteria, viruses, protists). and organic chemicals

40
Q

in which step of the water txt most of the bacteria, color and particulate are removed?

A

flocculation

41
Q

What is the aims in the wastewater treatment

A

– Reduce BOD (remove/destroy organic matter)

– Destroy pathogens

42
Q

What are the steps in the wastewater treatment?

A
  1. sedimentation
  2. a. liquid–> trickling filter or activated sludge
  3. • May involve any or a combination of :Biological treatment (living it to sit in a ponds and let algae oxidize the organic matter), flocculation, filtration, chlorination or ozonation
43
Q

name all the water borne bacterial pathogens and viruses

A
  1. salmonella typhi
  2. vibrio cholerae
  3. shigella spp
  4. salmonella spp
  5. campylobacter spp
  6. enterovirus
44
Q

T or F : cyst of G. Lambia are not removed by the process of water

A

false, it is cyst of C. parvum.

45
Q

What is the step that removes the g.lambia cyst in the water treatment.

A

the filtration

LSCI230 (20 decks)

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