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BIOL-3202 > Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

4 components of the male reproductive system

A

1) testes
2) duct systems
3) accessory glands
4) penis

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2
Q

4 portions of the duct system

A

1) ductuli efferentes
2) epididymis
3) ductus deferens
4) ejaculatory ducts.

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3
Q

Function of male reproductive system

A

1) produce spermatoza and seminal flui
2) endocrine function: testosterone produced inside the testes by laydik cells.

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4
Q

the ductus deferens runs from the __- to the ___.

A

scrotum to the urethra

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5
Q

Testes are surrounded by a ___ ___ ___ connective tissue capsule called ___ ___

A

DENSE IRREGULAR FIBROUS connective tissue known as the TUNICA ALBUGINEA.

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6
Q

most capsules in the body are made of what type of CT?

A

dense irregular fibrous ct.

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7
Q

the tunica albuginea gives rise to CT ___ that divide the testis into about 250 lobuels

A

SEPTA

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8
Q

function of testes

A

testes are paired glands with both exocrine (spermatozoa) and endocrine (testosterone) functions in laydik cells.

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9
Q

testes contain ___ ___ which is where sperm cells are produced.

A

SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES

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10
Q

Label the image

A

seminiferous tubule

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11
Q

outline the procession of sperm from the seminiferous tubules

A

seminferous tubules –> straight tubules –> rete testes –> ducte efferentes –_>epididymis –> vas deferens

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12
Q

the _____ houses the rete testis, which an indentation in the testes where straight tubules run into

A

the mediastinum

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13
Q

label

A

Testes slide

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14
Q

each lobule of the testest made of dense irregular fibrous connective tissue contains 1-4 ___ ____. Each tubule is a loop attached by a ____ tubule to the ___ ___, a maze of channels embedded in the medianedatstinum. From the __ ___, sperm moves to the ___

A

each lobule of the testest made of dense irregular fibrous connective tissue contains 1-4 seminiferous tubules. Each tubule is a loo attached by a STRAIGHT tubule to the RETE TESTIS, a maze of channels embedded in the medianedatstinum. From the RETE TESTES, sperm moves to the EPIDIDYMIS

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15
Q

Each lobule contains 1-4 coiled ___ __, and ___ connective tissue.

A

seminiferous tubules, and loose connective tissue aka INTERSTITIAL CT

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16
Q

the seminiferous tubules are sites of ____

A

spermatogenesis

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17
Q

3 cells that make up the seminiferous tubules and function

A

1) sertoli cells: structural support
2) myoid cells: modified mucus cells
3) spermatogenic cells: makes germinal epithelium which develops into mature sperm cells

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18
Q

which type of epithelium gives rise to mature sperm cells

A

germinal epithelium

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19
Q

Capsules are made of ____, where as interstitial tissues are made of ____

A

capsules are often made of dense irregular fibrous connective tissues, whereas interstitial tissues are made of areolar.

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20
Q

____ tissue lies in between seminiferous tubules. Which types of cells and fibers are present in this tissue?

A

intersitial tissues are between seminiferous tubules. contain:

1) interstitial cells aka LAYDIC cells.
2) fat droplets
3) areolar connective tissue (collagenous and elastic fibers)

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21
Q

surrounding each seminigerous tubules are ___ cells, which contract to help move sperm out of the tubule into the straight tubule

A

MYOID CELLS.

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22
Q

are spermatogonia diploid or haploid. which types are in a seminiferous tubule?

A

they are DIPLOID, located near the basement membrane.

type A: on the edges.

type B; a bit less on the edges, has an OBVIOUS nucleus and nucleolus.

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23
Q

Primary spermatocytes undergo _____ and are located_

A

primary spermatocytes undergo MEOSIS and are located closer to the lumen of the tubule.

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24
Q

label

A

M- myoid cells

IC= interstitial cells

SC= sertoli cells

SG= spermatogonia

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25
Q

label cell types

A

observe seminiferous tubule cell types in lab manual

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26
Q

sertoli cells are joined by ___ ___ and are intimately associated with spermatogonia cells. What is the function?

A

joined by junctional complexes. Functions:

1) protection and nourishment of spermatogenic cells
2) phagocytosis.

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27
Q

spaces between seminiferous tubules are ___ connective tissue. Contains:

A

loose connective tissue (areolar). contains:

1) lymphatic and blood vessels
2) nerves
3) interstitial cells of leydig which produces testosterone

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28
Q

straight tubules are aka ___ ___

A

tubuli recti

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29
Q

T/F tubuli recti (straight tubules) contain germinal epithelium

A

false. but they do have sertoli support cells.

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30
Q

seminiferous tubules are lined with ___ epithelium, whereas rete testes are lined with ___ ___ epithelium and are located within the mediastinum of the testical

A

seminiferous tubules are lined with GERMINAL epithelium, whereas rete testes are lined with SIMPLE CUBOIDAL epithelium

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31
Q

label

A

S= seminiferous tubule

T= tubuli recti

R= rete testes (lined with simple cuboidal epithelium)

32
Q

the rete testes becomes the ___ ___, which opens into the epididymis.

A

DUCTULI EFFERENTES

33
Q

2 types of epithelium found in the ductuli efferentes

A

1) simple columnar ciliated – moves sperm along ducts
2) simple cuboidal non ciliated– might have microvilli for water absorption.

Supported by a thin muscle layer.

Looks a little scalloped because there are patches of cuboidal interspersed with taller columnar cells.

34
Q

What are these two structures?

A

R= rete testis. note the cuboidal cells with no germinal epithelium.

E= ducutles efferentes. note the cuboidal and columnar cells.

35
Q

label

A
36
Q

function of epididymis

A

1) site of sperm storage
2) absorption of water by stereocilia.

37
Q

what type of epithelium lines the epididymis

A

pseudostratified columnar epithelium with STEREOCILIA.

38
Q
A
39
Q

function of the PCC epithelium in the epididymis

A

contains stereociliar that;

1) absorbs water
2) digests residual bodies produced during spermatogenesis.

40
Q

the epididymis contains ___ ___ that can helpmove sperm towards the ___ ___

A

smooth muscle that moves sperm towards the ductus deferens (vas deferens)

41
Q

the epididymis is encapsulated by the ___ ___.

A

tunica vaginalis. between teh duct of the epididymis and the capsule is connective tissue.

42
Q

label

A

epididymis.

TV= tunica vaginalis capsule

V= blood vessles

DE- ducts of epididymis

arrow: pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

S= sperm bodies

43
Q

the ductus deferens is also known as the

A

vas deferens

44
Q

purpose of vas deferens

A

conducts spermatozoe from epididymis to urethra.

45
Q

what type of epithelium lines the vas deferens. what modifications are there?

A

pseudostratified columnar epithelium with some sparse stereocilia

46
Q

the epithelium and lamina propria contain ___ ___ which are folded to allow for expansion of the vas deferens (ductus deferens) during ejaculation

A

elastic fibers

47
Q

the ductus deferens is covered by ____

A

adventitia

48
Q

the ductus deferens forms the ____ after passing over the urinary bladder

A

ampulla

49
Q

how many layers of smooht muscle are tehre in the ductus deferens?

A

3 layers: long, circ, long.

50
Q

outline the layers of the vas deferens cross section

A

1) mucosa layer (with elastic lamina propria)
2) inner long SM
3) circular SM
4) outer longSM
5) adventitia.

51
Q

label

A

vas deferens

M= mucosa layer

E= epithelium (part of mucosa layer) (pseudostratified squamous epithelium)

LP= lamina propria (Part of mucosa layer)

L-SM= longitudinal smooth muscle

C-SM= circular smooth muscle

A= adventitia

52
Q

This is most likely a picture of:

A

vas deferens

53
Q

3 primary accessory glands of male reproductive system

A

1) seminal vesicles 2) bulbourethral glands 3) prostate gland (bilobed)

54
Q

The ejaculatory duct joins the opening of the __ ___ to the urethra. What epithelium is it lined with? Does it have muscle?

A

ejaculatory duct connects the seminal vesicles to the urethra

lined with pseudostratified columnar epithelium. NO MUSCLE

55
Q

What do seminal vesicles secrete? What type of epithelium?

A

secretes fructoes, fibrinogen and prostaglandins. contains a mixture of SIMPLE and pseudostratified columnar epithelium.

56
Q

The seminal vesicles have ___ fibers in the lamina propria and ___ layers of smooth muscle. Do seminal vesicles have a submucosa?

A

the seminal vesicles have ELASTIC fibesr in the lamina propria and 2 layers of smooth muscle. they DO NOT HAVE A SUBMUCOSA and the lamina propria blens in with the lining and smooth muscle.

57
Q

T/F the seminal vesicles is surrounded by adventitia

A

false. glands do not have serosa or adventitia.

58
Q

what is this?

A

seminal vesicles: A) low power resolution shows the primary, secondary and tertiary folds.

SM= smooth muscle

LP= lamina propria with elastic fibers

note the simple and and PCC epithlium at high resolution

59
Q

What kind of structure are the glands in the prostate? What kind of epithelium lines the prostate?

A

tubuloalveolar glands. lined with simple columnar and PCCC epithelium.

60
Q

T/F Seminal vesicles have a filler in between the ducts

A

false. seminal vessicles DO NOT have a CT stroma, but the prostate does have a FIBROMUSCULAR STROMA FILLER

61
Q

the prostate produces ____ fluid. purpose

A

prostatic fluid: nutralizes acidic environment of vagina.

62
Q

an older individual may have ___, which are made of ___ and ___.

A

CONCRETIONS made of calcified GLYCOPROTEINS and GAGs (glycosaminoglycans)

63
Q

Label

A

this is a prostate. note the large amount of stroma made of connective tissue (FIBROMUSCULAR STROMA).
S= stroma

G= tubuloalveolar gland

CA= concretions

LP= lamina propria

E= PCCC epithelium

M= smooth muscle

64
Q

purpose of the bulbourethral glands? What type of epithelium is it lined with?

A

produces mucus to lubricate the urethra just before ejaculation. lined with columnar epithlium

65
Q

the prostate is found

A

at the root of the penis

66
Q

the penis has ___ bundles of erectile tissue called:

Where is the urethra in the penis?

A

the penis has 3 bundles of erectile tissue:

2x corpora cavernosa

1x corpus spongiosum

the urethra lies WITHIN THE corpus spongiosum

67
Q

each bundle of erectile tissue in the penis is surrounded by the ___ ___ and filled with blood sinuses

A

surrounded by TUNICA ALBUGINEA

68
Q

What is this?

A

Penis.

3 bundles of erectile tissues

CC= corpora cavernosa

CS= corpus spongiosum

U= urethra

Ta= tunica albugenia

s= skin.

69
Q

What is this? where is this located?

A

this is the urethra which is found in the corpus spongiosum of the penis

70
Q

the most primitive cell of the gemrinal cell line

A

spermatogonia.

71
Q

spermatogonia divide by mitosis to produce ____ and ___ spermatogonia, and eventually primary ____

A

type a and b spermatogonia, and eventually primary speratocytes.

72
Q

primary spermatocytes undergo ____ to produce ___ secondary spermatocytes

A

undergo MEIOSIS 1 to produe HAPLOID SECONDARY SPERMATOCYTES

73
Q

secondary spermatocytes undergo ____ to produce____

A

MEIOSIS 2 to produce SPERMATIDS

74
Q

Label

A

A= type A spermatogonia

B= type B spermatogonia

PS= primary spermatocyte

Sz= spermatozoa

Sd= secondary spermatocyte

TP= tunica propria which houses myoid cells for contraction

75
Q

difference between spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis

A

spermatogenesis andspermiogenesis is that spermatogenesis is the formation of sperm cells whereas spermiogenesis is the maturation of the spermatids into sperm cells.

76
Q

spermatids undergo ___ to become spermatozoa

A

spermiogenesis

77
Q

spermiogenesis involves the development of an ____ and ____, and phagocytosis of the residual body by ____ cells.

A

development of an ACROSOME AND FLAGELLA, and phagocytosis of excess cytoplasms by SERTOLI CELLS.

BIOL-3202 (41 decks)

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