Lecture 2

Question 1

What are the stages in Arnold’s Appraisal Theory of Emotion?

Answer 1

1. Situation: event
2. Appraisal: good vs. bad
3. Emotion: liking vs. disliking
4. Action: approach vs. withdrawal

Question 2

What is appraisal?

Answer 2

an estimate of the personal significance of an event

Question 3

What is primary appraisal and secondary appraisal?

Answer 3

• primary appraisal: first appraise their relationship to the life event
• secondary appraisal: appraise their coping potential within that event

Question 4

What is emotion differentiation?

Answer 4

• people may experience different emotions for the same events or for the same event at different times

Question 5

What is emotion knowledge?

Answer 5

• knowing the more specific emotions that stem from basic emotions
• shades/families of emotion
• no limit

Question 6

What is an attribution?

Answer 6

explanation for why a particular outcome occurred

Question 7

What are the additional appraisals?

Answer 7

1. goal congruence
2. novelty
3. agency
4. self/norm compatibility

Question 8

What is goal congruence appraisal?

Answer 8

is the event facilitating my goal attainment?

Question 9

What is novelty appraisal?

Answer 9

did I expect this event to happen?

Question 10

What is agency appraisal?

Answer 10

who caused this event?

Question 11

What is self/norm compatibility appraisal?

Answer 11

is the event okay on a moral level?

Question 12

What are the limits of emotion appraisal theories?

Answer 12

• other factors might influence emotions
• doesn’t take into account biology
• reappraisal can intensify emotions
• some people may not be able to answer those questions

Question 13

How might a person’s emotion knowledge influence a person’s day-to-day functioning?

Answer 13

• identify specific emotions
• easier to communicate
• better for regulating emotions

Question 14

What triggers most of our emotions in daily life?

Answer 14

social interaction

Question 15

What is the bottom line of social sharing of emotions?

Answer 15

by sharing emotions we develop stronger bonds

Question 16

What is emotional contagion?

Answer 16

the tendency to automatically mimic and synchronize expressions, vocalizations, postures and movements with those of another person and consequently to converge emotionally

Question 17

What is animalistic dehumanization?

Answer 17

perceiving others to only have basic emotions and lacking secondary emotions

Question 18

What is mechanistic dehumanization?

Answer 18

perceiving others to lack all emotions, acting entirely out of logic and reason