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Biology 108 > Chapter 15 Urinary reverse > Flashcards

Chapter 15 Urinary reverse Flashcards

1
Q

reverse

Elimination of waste products

Regulates aspects of homeostasis

A

Urinary system functions

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2
Q

reverse

nitrogenous wastes

toxins

drugs

A

Waste products

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3
Q

reverse

Water balance

electrolytes

acid-base balance in the blood

blood pressure

red blood cell productoin-Erythropoietin

Activation of vitamin D

A

aspects of homeostasis

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4
Q

reverse

Kidneys (2)

Ureters (2)

Urinary bladder

urethra

A

Organs of urninary system

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5
Q

reverse

lateral to the vertebral column

against the dorsal wall (retroperitoneal)

at the level of T12 to L3 vertebrae

Right kidney is slightly lower than left due to liver position

A

Kidney location

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6
Q

reverse

fibrous capsule surrounds each

perirenal fat capsule surrounds and cushions against blows

A

Kidney coverings

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7
Q

reverse

Renal cortex

renal medulla

renal pelvis

renal or medullary pyramids

renal columns

calyces

A

Regions of kidney

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8
Q

reverse

Fibrous capsule surrounds each

perirenal fat capsule surrounds and cushions against blows

A

renal cortex

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9
Q

reverse

inner region of kidney

A

Renal medulla

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10
Q

reverse

funnel shaped collecting tubes

A

Renal pelvis

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11
Q

reverse

triangular regions of tissue in the renal medulla

contain nephron loops and collecting ducts

A

renal or medullary pyramids

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12
Q

reverse

extensions of cortex-like material inward that separates the mudullary pyramids

A

renal columns

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13
Q

reverse

cup shaped structures that receive urine from the collecting ducts

funnel urine towards the renal pelvis

A

calyces

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14
Q

reverse

one quarter of total blood of the body passes through the kidneys each minute

renal artery provides each kidney with arterial blood supply

plasma: filtered at glomerous

most filtrate is reabsorbed by pertitubular capillaries

venous blood drains into the inferior vena cava

A

Kidney blood supply

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15
Q

reverse

Structural and functional units of kidneys

1 million per kidney

responsible for forming urine

A

Nephron

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16
Q

reverse

Glomerulus

renal tubule

A

nephron main structures

17
Q

reverse

capillary bed

site of plasma filtratoin

filtrate enters glomerular capsule

A

Glomerulus

18
Q

reverse

extends from glamerular capsule and ends at the collecting duct

filtrate is processed as it flows through nephron

A

renal tubule

19
Q

reverse

receives fluid from many nephrons

concentrates urine by reabsorbing water

directs urine into the calyces and renal pelvis

A

Collecting duct

20
Q

reverse

close to renal tubules

reabsorb substances from nephron and collecting ducts

A

peritubular capillaries

21
Q

reverse

filtration

reabsorption

secretion

A

Urine formation

22
Q

reverse

from glomerulus to glomerular capsule

A

urine filtration

23
Q

reverse

nutrients, most electrolytes and most water

reabsorbed substances enter peritubular capillaries

A

urine reabsorption

24
Q

reverse

drugs (penicillin, phenobarbitoal, histamine)

ammonia and excess H+ and K+

substances taken from peritubular capillaries and secreted into fluid within nephron

A

urine secretion

25
Q

reverse

about 1-1.8 L per day

min .4 L per day (obligitory water loss)

urine and filtrate are different:

A

urine characteristics

26
Q

reverse

contains everything that blood plasma does except protein

A

urine filtrate

27
Q

reverse

what remains after most of the water, nutrients and necessary ions have been reabsorbed from the filtrate

A

urine

28
Q

reverse

yellow color due to pigment urochrome (from destruction of hemoglobin) and solutes

sterile

slightly aromatic

normal pH around 6

contains urea, uric acid, creatine, excess electrolytes and water

does NOT contain glucose, proteins, RBC’s and WBC’s

A

Urnine characteristics

29
Q

reverse

slender tubes about 10”

begin at renal pelvis and end at the posterior aspect of the bladder

lined with mucous membrane to protect against acidic urine

has a muscular layer: peristalsis propels the urine into the bladder

A

Ureters

30
Q

reverse

smooth collapsable muscular sac

temporarily stores urine

mucous membrane protects against acidic urine

located within the pelvic cavity, posterior to the pubic bone

contractoin of detrusor muscle forces urine into the urethra

A

Urinary bladder

31
Q

reverse

thin walled tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body by peristalsis

A

Urethra

32
Q

reverse

internal: involuntary made of smooth muscle
external: skeletal muscle voluntary

A

urethra sphincters

33
Q

reverse

process of voiding the bladder

A

Micturition (urination)

Biology 108 (38 decks)

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