Biostratigraphy

Question 1

originally defined as groups of interbreeding organisms that are reproductively isolated from other such groups.

Answer 1

Species

Question 2

Linnean Hierarchy

Answer 2

Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 3

are distinct sets which show common characteristics that set them apart from others but which can be still considered of the same species.

Answer 3

Subspecies
and
Races

Question 4

is a group of species that are closely related

Answer 4

Genus

Question 5

only required for biostratigraphic purposes otherwise, it is common to identify and classify a fossil only to generic level

Answer 5

Subspecies and Races

Question 6

is body of rock defined by its fossil content

Answer 6

Biostratigraphic Unit

Question 7

The fundamental unit of biostratigraphy

Answer 7

Biozone

Question 8

Sites where there is exceptional preservation of the soft parts of fossils provide tantalizing clues to the diversity of lifeforms

Answer 8

Lagerstatten

Question 9

are deposits known for the exceptional preservation of fossilized organisms or traces

Answer 9

Konservat Lagerstatten

Question 10

are deposits with a particular “concentration” of disarticulated organic hard parts, such as a bone bed.

Answer 10

Konzentrat Lagerstatten

Question 11

An exposure of Middle Cambrian which contains one of the most important faunas in fossil record. This fossil locality believe to be the site of “Cambrian Explosion” which radiated 535 million years ago.

Answer 11

Burgess Shale

Question 12

are units of stratigraphy that are defined by the zone fossils that they contain.

Answer 12

Biozone

Question 13

main group of Paleozoic arthropods used in the zonation of the Cambrian period.

Answer 13

Trilobites

Question 14

preferably in Silurian and Ordovician mudstones, and were used to indicate rapid evolution and have allowed a high-resolution biostratigraphy to develop the Silurian and Ordovician system.

Answer 14

Graptolites

Question 15

regional correlation purposes only in Silurian rocks due to its sessile lifestyle

Answer 15

Brachiopods

Question 16

main zone fossils for Mesozoic and became extinct at the end of the Cretaceous.

Answer 16

Ammonoids

Question 17

one of Ammonoids’ early form, have been used in correlation of Devonian and Carboniferous Rocks

Answer 17

Goniatites

Question 18

Abundant in Cenozoic rocks.

Answer 18

Gastropods

Question 19

• are abundant in some Paleozoic limestones

- have been useful in correlation of regional and worldwide correlation in parts of Cretaceous

Answer 19

Echinoderms

Question 20

mostly contained in extensive outcrops of shallow marine limestones in Devonian and Lower Carboniferous (Mississippian rocks) and have been used as zone fossils within these strata.

Answer 20

Corals

Question 21

are taxa that leave fossil remains that are too small to be clearly seen wit the naked eye or hand lens.

Answer 21

Marine Microfossil

Question 22

Have been found as fossils in strata as old as the Cambrian. Have tests did not become established until Devonian

Answer 22

Forams

Question 23

important in dating of deep-marine deposits because their skeletons survive as siliceous ooze below CCD. Their stratigraphic range is also greater than Forams, making them important in dating Paleozoic Strata.

Answer 23

Radiolaria

Question 24

are the spherical calcareous cyst of marine algae and the main constituent of some fine-grained limestones such as the Chalk of the Upper Cretaceous in Northwest Europe. They are used biostratigraphically in Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata.

Answer 24

Coccoliths

Question 25

zonation is applied locally in both marine and non-marine environments

Answer 25

Ostracods

Question 26

• are microscopic spiny structures made of organic material used in Proterozoic and Paleozoic rocks.

Answer 26

Acritarchs

Question 27

primitive organisms found from the Phanerozoic through to the present day and zonation are locally important.

Answer 27

Dinoflagellates

Question 28

is a single representative specimen against which other potential representatives of the species can be compared

Answer 28

Holotype

Question 29

additional information about the species can be

drawn through statistics about its shape, size

Answer 29

Morphometrics