Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Lab > PHYSIOEX Lab 1 - Experiments 1-5 > Flashcards

PHYSIOEX Lab 1 - Experiments 1-5 Flashcards

1
Q

What is it called when the plasma membrane allows it to be selective about what passes through it?

A

selectively permeable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

selectively permeable allows ____________ and appropriate amounts of ______ to enter the cell and keeps out ________________

A

nutrients, ions, undesireable substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

transport through the plasma membrane occurs in two basic ways

A

passively and actively

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

describe passive process

A

the transport process is driven by ceoncentration or pressure differences between the interior and exterior fo the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

describe active process:

A

the cell provides energy ATP to power the transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

two key passive processes of membrane transport are:

A

diffusion and filtration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

this diffusion occurs without the assistance of membrane proteins

A

Simple diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Facilitated diffusion requires _____________ that assists in the transport

A

membrane bound carrier protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T/F: In both simple and facilitated diffusion: the substance being transported moves with the concentration gradient of the solute

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Does simple and facilitated diffusion require energy from the cell?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

where does filtration only occur in?

A

across the capillary walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what does filtration depend upon?

A

pressure gradient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the two key active processes?

A

active transport and vesicular transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

describe active transport

A

uses a membrane-bound carrier protein
differs from facilitated because the solutes move AGAINST their concentration gradient
ATP is used to power the transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

describe vesicular transport

A 
includes:
phagocytosis
endocytosis
pinocytosis
exocytosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

define concentration gradient

A

the net effect of this random molecular movement is that the molecules eventually become evenly distributed throughout the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

define diffusion:

A

the movement of molecules from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Q: driving force of diffusion is

A

kinetic energy of the molecules in motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Q: in diffusion, molecules move

A

from a higher concentration to a region of their lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Q: which of the following dialysis membranes has the largest pore size

A

200 MWCO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Q: Avogadro’s number is a constant for the number of

A

molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what does Facilitated Diffusion allow to pass through?

A

allows sugars, amino acides, ions to transport through the membranes by a passive transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what would cause a molecule to not be able to pass through the pores in the cell plasma membrane?

A

lipid insoluble or too large to pass through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what do solutes combine with in the membrane to be allowed to be transported with their concetration gradient

A

carrier protein molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

in facilitated diffusion, molecules might change _______ to accommodate solute

A

shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

T/F: carrier proteins are embedded in the plasma membrane and act like a shield, protecting the hydrophillic solute from the lipid portions of the membranes

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Filtration occurs in _______ direction for a given solute

A

one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

__________ the concentration difference between one side of the membrane and the other, the __________ the rate of facilitated diffusion

A

greater, greater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Q: molecules need a carrier protein to help them move across a membrane because they are

A

lipid insoluble or they are too large

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Q: which of the following is true of facilitated diffusion

A

movement is passive and down a concetration gradient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Q: examples of solutes that might require facilitated diffusion

A

glucose, sodium, potassium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Q: which of the following would not affect the rate of facilitated diffusion

A

the amount of intracellular ATP

33
Q

define osmosis

A

water rmoves with its concentraton gradient from a higher concentration of water to a lower concentration of water.

34
Q

a membrane is called ______, ______. or _____ if it allows some solute particles to pass but not others

A

selectively permeable
differentially permeable
semipermeable

35
Q

the concentration of water in a solution depends on what?

A

the number of solute particles present.

36
Q

Increasing/Decreasing the solute concentration coincides with decreasing/increasing the water concetration

A

increasing / decreasing

37
Q

define osmotic pressure

A

the force that would need to be applied to oppose the osmosis in a closed system

38
Q

osmotic pressure is measured in

A

millimeters of mercury

39
Q

the more impermeable the solutes, the ______ the osmotic pressure

A

higher

40
Q

define tonicity

A

refers to the way a solution affects the folume of a cell

41
Q

T/F: the tonicity of a solution tells us whether or not a cell will shrink or swell

A

TRUE

42
Q

define isotonic

A

when the concetration of impermeable solutes is the same inside and outside the cell

43
Q

define hypertonic

A

if there is a higher concetration of impermeable solutes outside the cell than in the cell’s interior

44
Q

the net movement of water would be ____ of the cell, the cell would _____ in a hypertonic solution

A

out of the cell

shrink

45
Q

define hypotonic

A

the concentration of impermeable solutes is lower outside of the cell than in the cell’s anteior

46
Q

in hypotonic: the net movement of water would be ______ the cell, and the cell would _______ and possibly _______

A

into the cell

swell and possibly burst

47
Q

Q: which of the following is true of osmosis

A

it is a type of diffusion

48
Q

Q: which of the followin goccurs when a hypertonic solution is added to the cell

A

cell shrinks

49
Q

Q: the variable that affects osmotic pressure is

A

the concentration of non diffusing solutions

50
Q

Q: the net movement of water would be into the cell in a

A

hypotonic solution

51
Q

Define filtration

A

the process by which water and solutes pass through a membrane from an area of higher hydrostatic pressure into the area of lower hydrostatic pressure

52
Q

filtration is a ________ process

A

passive

53
Q

define filtrate:

A

the fluids and solutes that pass through the membrane

54
Q

the amount of filtrate depends almost entirely on the _____________ and on the _____ of the membrane pores

A

pressure gradient and size of the membrane pores

55
Q

solutes that are too large to pass through are retained by what? and include usually what/

A

capillaries

blod cells and proteins

56
Q

what does MWCO stand for?

A

molecular weight cutoff. thin of this in erms of pore size.

57
Q

the ______ the MWCo number, the _____ the pores in the filtration membrane

A

larger/larger

58
Q

Q: filtration is the process that is

A

passive

59
Q

filtration is dependent upon a

A

hydrostatic pressure gradient

60
Q

Q: the filtrate includes:

A

fluids, solutes, passes through the filter

61
Q

Q: an important place that filtration takes place in the body is

A

kidneys

62
Q

define active transport

A

whenever a cell uses cellular energy (ATP) to move substances across its membrane

63
Q

if substances are generally unable to pass by diffuse it is because:

A
  1. it might be too large to pass through the membrane pores
  2. it might not be a lipid soluble
  3. it might have to move agaisnt rather than with, a concetration gradient
64
Q

Describe solute pumps

A

substances that are moved into the cells by solute pumps include amino acid and some sugars.
- both of the solutes are necessary for the life of the cell but they are lipid insolutble and too large to pass through membrane pores

65
Q

sodium ions are ______ from the cells by _______

A

ejected

active transport

66
Q

More Na+ _______ the cell than ______ the cell, makes Na_ to remain in the cell unless actively transported out

A

outside the cell than inside the cell

67
Q

in the body, what is the most common type of solute pump

A

Na+-K pump

68
Q

T/F: Na+-K pump, moves Na+ and K+ in opposite directions across cellular membranes and require energy

A

TRUE

69
Q

____ Na+ ions are ejected from the cell for every ____ K- ions entering the cell

A

3, 2

70
Q

membrane carrier proteins that move more than one substance, such as the Na+-K+ pump, participate in

A

coupled transport

71
Q

if the solutes move in the same direction, the carrier is a

A

symporter

72
Q

if the solutes move in opporsite direction, the carrier is an

A

antiporter

73
Q

a carrier that transports on a single solute is a

A

uniporter

74
Q

Q: the movement of sodium and potassium maintained by the Na+-K pump:

A

requires energy and is against a concentration gradient

75
Q

Q: the sodium-potassium pump is classified as a

A

antiporter

76
Q

Q: the sodium-potassum pump moves

A

3 sodium ions and 2 potassium ions simultaneously

77
Q

Q: solutes that require active transport for movement might be too large to pass or might be a

A

lipid insoluble

78
Q

which of the following would not affect the rate of facilitated diffusion

A

the amount of intracellular ATP

79
Q

the variable that affects osmotic pressure is

A

the concentration of non diffusing solutes

Lab (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions