Path: Edema

Question 0

What general type of tissue is most affected by edema caused by ischemia?

Answer 0

White matter

Question 1

2 main causes of intracellular edema.

Answer 1

Hypoxia and ischemia

-leads to decreased ion transport activity and cellular swelling

Question 2

Most common congenital malformation that can lead to obstruction of the ventricular system.

Answer 2

Aqueduct of Sylvius (cerebral aqueduct)

Question 3

Describe Cushing’s Response

Answer 3

Increased ICP leads to compression of the venous system around the brain. This leads to decreased blood flow to the brain. This decreased blood flow is sensed by the medulla and a sympathetic discharge is released to cause vasoconstriction and increases blood pressure.

The increased blood pressure is sensed by the baroceptors and they send signals to the heart to slow down the heart rate resulting in bradycardia.

Overall you get increased BP and decreased HR.

Question 4

Most common type of brain herniation.

Answer 4

Subfalcine

-herniation under the falx cerebri, usually the cingulate gyrus