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Clinical Neuro Exam 1 > Pharm: cognitive disorders > Flashcards

Pharm: cognitive disorders Flashcards

0
Q

Risperidone

A

Atypical antipsychotic used to treat agitation and aggression in Alzheimer dementia. Also treats hallucinations and delirium.

MOA: D2 antagonist

SE: minimal

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1
Q

Define dementia

A

chronic global and irreversible deterioration of cognition

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2
Q

Olanzepine

A

Atypical antipsychotic used to treat agitation and aggression in Alzheimer dementia. Also treats hallucinations and delirium.

MOA: D2 antagonist

SE: minimal

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3
Q

Quetiapine

A

Atypical antipsychotic used to treat agitation and aggression in Alzheimer dementia. Also treats hallucinations.

MOA: D2 antagonist

SE: minimal

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4
Q

Sertraline

A

Treats depression in Alzheimer dementia

MOA: SSRI

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5
Q

Fluoxetine

A

Treats depression in Alzheimer dementia

MOA: SSRI

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6
Q

Haloperidol

A

Typical antipsychotic used to treat delusions in Alzheimer dementia.
Also treats delirium by decreasing agitation and improving psychotic symptoms.

MOA: DA inverse agonist

SE: extrapyramidal disorders (akinesia, difficulty stopping motions)

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7
Q

Donepezil

A

Used to improve cognition in Alzheimer dementia.

MOA: AChase inhibitor

SE: cholinergic side effects (diarrhea, N/V)

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8
Q

Rivastigmine

A

Treats mild to moderate Alzheimer dementia. Must be taken with food. Also treats Lewy Body Dementia

MOA: AChase inhibitor

SE: cholinergic side effects (diarrhea, N/V)

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9
Q

Galantamine

A

Slows the decline of cognition in Alzheimer dementia.

MOA: AChase inhibitor

SE: cholinergic side effects (diarrhea, N/V), anorexia

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10
Q

Memantine

A

Slows deterioration of Alzheimer dementia but no effect on cognition.

MOA: NMDA antagonist

SE: delusion, confusion, hallucination

Can be used with AChase inhibitors in advanced AD.

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11
Q

Name a prophylaxis to prevent Alzheimer dementia.

A

Vitamin E supplementation

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12
Q

How do monoclonal Abs treat Alzheimer dementia?

A

Help degrade amyloid plaques. Ineffective in frontotemporal dementia because there are no plaques.

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13
Q

Paroxetine

A

Treats anxiety, eating disorders in patients with frontotemporal dementia.

MOA: SSRI

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14
Q

Name 4 drug classes used to treat vascular dementia.

A
  1. ACE inhibitors (-prils)
  2. Statins
  3. Anti-platelets (clopidogrel)
  4. Calcium channel blockers (nifedipine, nimodipine)
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15
Q

Dedanosine, Stavudine, Zalcitabine

A

Reverse transcriptase inhibitors used in HIV dementia

16
Q

Midazolam, Flunitrazepam

A

Drugs used post-surgery to induce amnesia.

17
Q

Differentiate anterograde and retrograde amnesia.

A

Anterograde: inability to “A”cquire new memories.

Retrograde: inability to “R”etrieve old memories

18
Q

Treatment for amnesia.

A

Supportive, no drugs

19
Q

Define delirium

A

Acute, transient fluctuating disturbances in attention, and consciousness level.

20
Q

Lorazepam

A

Benzodiazepine used to treat delirium.

21
Q

Methylphenidate

A

Management of ADHD

MOA: inhibits NE and DA re-uptake channels

SE: may cause weight loss, insomnia, addiction, mania

22
Q

Dextroamphetamine, Lisdexamfetamine

A

Treat ADHD and narcolepsy

MOA: increase NE and DA transmission in brain

SE: myocardial infarct, tachycardia, seizures, anaphylaxis

23
Q

Atomoxetine

A

Treats ADHD

MOA: NE re-uptake inhibitor

SE: prolong QT-interval, priapism, sudden cardiac death

24
Q

Desipramine

A

ADHD management

MOA: NE and 5HT re-uptake blockers

SE: fatigue, dizziness, somnolence, cardiac complication

25
Q

Guanfacine

A

Treatment of ADHD (clonidine can also be used)

MOA: alpha 2 agonist

SE: bradyarrhythmias, peeling skin, AV block

26
Q

Bupropion

A

Smoking cessation assistance, bipolar disorders and ADHD.

MOA: inhibits NE and DA re-uptake

SE: agitation, arthralgia, xerostomia, Steven-Johnson syndrome

Clinical Neuro Exam 1 (30 decks)

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