8- Reproductive pathology in the female

Question 1

List the different types of pathology that can occur in female repro system

Answer 1

Disorders of sexual development
Pathology of the ovary
Pathology of the uterus and external genitalia
Pathology of the mammary gland

Question 2

What is chimerism

Answer 2

A chimera is an organism whose cells are derived from two or more zygotes. Chimerism is most commonly seen as bovine freemartinism

Question 3

What is a true hermaphrodite

Answer 3

Histological evidence of ovarian and testicular tissue (E.g. ovotestis).

Question 4

What are the 3 sequential series of events that occur during normal sexual development?

Answer 4

Establishment of sex chromosomes

Modelling of embryonic gonadal tissue

Controlled, programmed regression & growth of different parts of the indifferent tubular/external genital tissues (Establishment of genital phenotype)

Question 5

What is the testis determining factor

Answer 5

SRY gene

Question 6

Classification of disorders of sexual development is based on what?

Answer 6

Whether the karyotype is abnormal

Question 7

What is a male pseudohermaphrodite?

Answer 7

XY
Gonads are recognisable as testis
Incompletely masculinised & unclear external/internal genitalia (more female externally)

Low testosterone

Question 8

What is a female pseudohermaphrodite?

Answer 8

XX
Feminine internal genitalia
Male external genitalia

Question 9

What is a granulosa cell tumour?

Answer 9

Tumour of the ovary
often produce hormones and are called functioning tumours. They make the female hormone oestrogen
Usually non-malignant
Large tumours that are multi nodular or symmetrical which include solid & cystic areas

Sometimes presence of call-exner bodies

Question 10

Name a congenital lesion of the uterus

Answer 10

Segmental aplasia
Mesonephric cysts

Question 11

Give a reason why inflammatory disorders of the uterus occur?

Answer 11

Ascending inf. from when the cervix is open at oestrus/parturition/postpartum

Question 12

Give the name of smooth muscle tumours

Answer 12

Leiomyoma

Question 13

Name a common mammary tumour in dogs

Answer 13

Mammary carcinoma

Question 14

What tumour often has epithelial & mixed myoepithelial components?

Answer 14

Benign mammary tumours

Question 15

Describe a pyometra

Answer 15

acute or chronic suppurative infection of the uterus with accumulation of pus in the uterine lumen.