8.1 Energy and Life Flashcards
(14 cards)
Energy is the ability to do:
work
Energy comes in many:
forms
Energy can be stored in:
chemical compounds
Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP):
similar to ATP but has 2 phosphate groups instead of 3
ATP allows the cell to store small amount of energy by adding:
phosphate groups to ADP molecules producing ATP
ADP is like a:
rechargeable battery that powers the machinary of the cell
ATP can easily:
release and store energy by breaking and re-forming the bonds between its phosphate groups
What charcteristic of ATP makes it exceptionally useful as a basic energy source for all cells?
ATP can easily release and store energy by breaking and re-forming the bonds between its phosphate groups
What are the 4 ways cells use the energy provided by ATP?
1) active transport (like sodium potassium pump)
2) powers movement (contract muscles wavelike movement of cilia and flagella)
3) powers synthesis of protiens and responses to chemical signals at the cell surface
4) can be used to produce light (fireflys)
Most cells have only a small amount of ATP because:
because it is good at transferring energy, not storing large amounts long term
More efficeint to keep only small supply of ATP and:
regenrate ATP from ADP as needed by using energy in foods like glucose
Energy comes from chemical compounds we call:
food
Explain what the word photosynthesis literally means:
comes from Greek word photo (light) and synthesis (putting together), so means “using light to put something together”
In the process of photosynthesis, plants convert:
energy of sunlight into chemical energy stored in the bonds of carbohydrates
