Chapter 2: Cardiorespiratory and Gas Exchange

Question 1

Atrium

Answer 1

An upper chamber of the heart that functions to pump blood to the lower chamber of the heart (i.e., ventricle). (NSCA CPT, pg. 37)

Question 2

Ventricle

Answer 2

A lower chamber of the heart that functions to pump blood from the heart (right ventricle pumps to the lungs, left ventricle pumps to the body).
(NSCA CPT, pg. 37)

Question 3

Total Peripheral Resistance

Answer 3

The impedance of blood flow caused by exercise, nervous stimulation, metabolism, and environmental stress. (NSCA CPT, pg. 39)

Question 4

Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP)

Answer 4

The pressure exerted against the arterial walls as blood is forcefully ejected during ventricular contraction (systole). (NSCA CPT, pg. 40)

Question 5

Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP)

Answer 5

The pressure exerted against the arterial walls between beats when no blood is ejected from the heart or through the vessels (diastole). (NSCA CPT, pg. 40)

Question 6

Rate-Pressure Product (RPP)

Answer 6

An estimation of the work of the heart (i.e., double product; HR 􏰀 SBP). (NSCA CPT, pg. 40)

Question 7

Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)

Answer 7

The average blood pressure throughout the cardiac cycle (i.e., [(SBP − DBP) ÷ 3] + DBP). (NSCA CPT, pg. 40)

Question 8

Cardiac Output

Answer 8

The quantity of blood pumped by the heart per minute expressed in liters or milliliters (i.e., SV 􏰀 HR). (NSCA CPT, pg. 40)

Question 9

Sympathetic Nervous System

Answer 9

A part of the nervous system that, when stimulated, speeds up various systems of the body (increases heart rate). (NSCA CPT, pg. 40)

Question 10

Stroke Volume

Answer 10

The quantity of blood ejected by the left ventricle expressed in milliliters of blood per beat.(NSCA CPT, pg. 40)

Question 11

End-Diastolic Volume

Answer 11

The volume of blood from the left atrium that is available to be pumped by the left ventricle. (NSCA CPT, pg. 40)

Question 12

Venous Return

Answer 12

The return of the blood to the right atrium from the body (periphery). (NSCA CPT, pg. 41)

Question 13

Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO2 Max)

Answer 13

The highest capacity for oxygen consumption or utilization by the body during maximal physical exertion; also referred to as aerobic capacity, maximal aerobic power, maximal oxygen consumption, or V. O2 max and sometimes functional capacity. (NSCA CPT, pg. 45)

Question 14

Electrocardiogram

Answer 14

A way to record the electrical activity of the heart at the surface of the body using electrodes on the chest. (NSCA CPT, pg. 38)

Question 15

Cardiac Output equation

Answer 15

Q = SV X HR. (NSCA CPT, pg. 40)

Question 16

Stroke Volume equation

Answer 16

SV = EDV - ESV. (NSCA CPT, pg. 40)

Question 17

Cardiac Output other equation

Answer 17

Q = (EDV - ESV) X HR. (NSCA CPT, pg. 40)

Question 18

Spirometry

Answer 18

A method used to examine the static lung volumes. (NSCA CPT, pg. 41)

Question 19

Oxygen Uptake

Answer 19

The amount of oxygen used by the tissues of the body. (NSCA CPT, pg. 44)