Chapter 3: Bioenergetics

Question 1

Bioenergetics

Answer 1

The energy pathways of metabolism. (NSCA CPT, pg. 47)

Question 2

Catabolic

Answer 2

The breakdown of larger molecules into smaller molecules. (NSCA CPT, pg. 48)

Question 3

Anabolic

Answer 3

Referring to the synthesis of larger molecules from smaller molecules. (NSCA CPT, pg. 48)

Question 4

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Answer 4

The universal energy-carrying molecule manufactured in all living cells as a means of capturing and storing energy. (NSCA CPT, pg. 48)

Question 5

Phosphagen System

Answer 5

The simplest set of chemical reactions needed to produce ATP. (NSCA CPT, pg. 48)

Question 6

Glycolysis

Answer 6

A series of reactions used to produce ATP that utilize only glucose or glycogen as the energy source. (NSCA CPT, pg. 48)

Question 7

Oxidative System

Answer 7

The group of chemical reactions used to produce ATP via aerobic means with a variety of energy sources. (NSCA CPT, pg. 48)

Question 8

Pyruvate

Answer 8

A precursor of lactate during the final steps of glycolysis. (NSCA CPT, pg. 49)

Question 9

Rate-limiting Step

Answer 9

The slowest reaction in a series of reactions. (NSCA CPT, pg. 51)

Question 10

Lactate

Answer 10

An end product of glycolysis; most common marker of increased anaerobic metabolism during exercise. (NSCA CPT, pg. 51)

Question 11

Gluconeogenesis

Answer 11

The formation of glucose from lactate and noncarbohydrate sources. (NSCA CPT, pg. 51)

Question 12

Cori Cycle

Answer 12

A gluconeogenic process, taking place in the liver, in which lactate is converted to glucose. (NSCA CPT, pg. 51)

Question 13

Lactate Threshold

Answer 13

The exercise intensity at which blood lactate begins an abrupt increase above the baseline concentration. (NSCA CPT, pg. 51)

Question 14

Onset of Blood Lactate Accumulation (OBLA)

Answer 14

The point at which blood lactate concentrations reach 4 mmol/L during exercise of increasing intensity. (NSCA CPT, pg. 51)

Question 15

Krebs Cycle

Answer 15

A series of reactions used to produce ATP, indirectly, that utilize carbohydrate, fat, or protein as an energy source after their modification to acetyl-CoA. (NSCA CPT, pg. 52)

Question 16

Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

Answer 16

A series of oxidative reactions that rephosphorylate ADP to ATP. (NSCA CPT, pg. 52)

Question 17

Beta Oxidation

Answer 17

A series of reactions that modify fatty acids into acetyl-CoA, which can then enter the Krebs cycle to produce ATP. (NSCA CPT, pg. 52)

Question 18

Glycogenolysis

Answer 18

The breakdown of glycogen. (NSCA CPT, pg. 57)

Question 19

Oxygen Deficit

Answer 19

The difference between the amount of oxygen required for exercise and the amount of oxygen actually consumed during exercise. (NSCA CPT, pg. 57)

Question 20

Oxygen Debt

Answer 20

The oxygen uptake above resting values used to restore the body to the preexercise condition; also termed EPOC. (NSCA CPT, pg. 57)

Question 21

Glycogen

Answer 21

The stored form of glucose. (NSCA CPT, pg. 49)

Question 22

Excess Postexercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC)

Answer 22

The oxygen uptake above resting values used to restore the body to the preexercise condition; also termed oxygen debt. (NSCA CPT, pg. 57)

Question 23

Creatine Kinase

Answer 23

The main regulator of the breakdown of creatine phosphate. Needed in the phosphagen system. (NSCA CPT, pg. 49)

Question 24

Energy Yield of Glycolysis with glucose

Answer 24

Net of 2 ATP. (NSCA CPT, pg. 49)

Question 25

Energy yield of Glycolysis with glycogen

Answer 25

Net of 3 ATP. (NSCA CPT, pg. 49)