Principles of Life

Question 1

Organism

Answer 1

All living things

Question 2

Prokaryotes

Answer 2

First organisms that are made up of single cells that has genetic materials and biochemical structure in a membrane

Question 3

Aerobic Metabolism

Answer 3

A set of chemical reactions that releases energy from life’s molecules by using oxygen

Question 4

Anaerobic Metabolism

Answer 4

A set of reactions that extract energy without oxygen

Question 5

Organelles

Answer 5

Any specialized structures within a cell that performs a specific function

Question 6

Nucleus

Answer 6

Contains the cell’s genetic information

Question 7

Endosymbiosis

Answer 7

One organism lives inside another organism

Question 8

Eukaryotes

Answer 8

Has nuclei and other internal compartments

Question 9

Mitochondria

Answer 9

Releases energy and is “battery” of the cell

Question 10

Chloroplasts

Answer 10

Organelles specialized for photosynthesis

Question 11

Nucleic Acids

Answer 11

Molecules that could reproduce themselves and contain the information for synthesis

Question 12

System

Answer 12

A set of interacting parts in which neither the parts nor the whole can be understood without taking into account the interactions

Question 13

Component

Answer 13

Proteins and pools of nutrients

Question 14

Positive Feedback

Answer 14

In a system when a product of a system speeds up and earlier process

Question 15

Negative Feedback

Answer 15

A product of a system slows down an earlier process in the system

Question 16

Nucleotides

Answer 16

Nucleotides in DNA allows the organism to assemble proteins

Question 17

Evolution

Answer 17

The change in the genetic makeup of biological populations through time

Question 18

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Answer 18

DNA

Question 19

What is science?

Answer 19

The orderly process of posing and answering questions about the natural world through repeated and unbiased experiments and observations

Question 20

What are the 5 steps of the scientific method?

Answer 20

1. Observation
2. Questions
3. Hypothesis
4. Predictions
5. Testing

Question 21

Hypothesis

Answer 21

A statement that provides a possible explanation for an observation

Question 22

Scientific Theory

Answer 22

A large conceptual framework in which rigorously tested and well-established facts and principles are used to make predictions about the natural world.

Question 23

What is modern synthesis?

Answer 23

Unites different theories together and is the major unifying principle of biology

Question 24

What is the First Law of Thermodynamics?

Answer 24

Energy is neither created nor destroyed. The energy in a closed system remains constant

Question 25

What is the Second Law of Thermodynamics?

Answer 25

Disorder (entropy) tends to increase.

When energy is converted from one form to another, some of that energy becomes unavailable for doing work

Question 26

Archaea

Answer 26

A type of single-celled organism that is different than bacteria