Chapter 3: organelles

Question 1

Cytoplasm:

Answer 1

Cytoplasm (everything contained within the cell membrane)
Cytosol (everything inside the cell besides the organelles)
Inclusions
Fat droplets:
Melanin granules:
- basil layers of epidermis.
Glycogen granules:
- liver and muscle cells.
Organelles

Question 2

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 2

• no ribosomes
• lipid synthesis
• in muscle, sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Question 3

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 3

• works with ER
• Modifies, concentrates and packages proteins and lipids made in ER
• from golgi, vesicles for exocytosis, renewal of plasma membrane, production of lysosomes.

Question 4

Lysososomes

Answer 4

Digestive enzymes: acid hydrolases
Phagocytosis
Degradation of cell debris

Question 5

Cytoskeleton

Answer 5

Microfilament:
- smallest 
- subunits: actin 
- Strengthen cell surface
Motility: movement and changes in shape
Intermediate filaments:
Tough, woven rope of protein fibers.
- desmosomes
- resist pulling forces.
Microtubules:
- large, hollow tubes.
- mitotic spindle, late prophase.

Question 6

centrosomes:

Answer 6

• a pair of centrioles in the centrosome matrix.

- microtubule organizaing

Question 7

nuclear envelope:

Answer 7

• double membrane of the nucleus.
• has nucelar pores
• outer is continuos with rough ER