Chapter 1 p.1 Flashcards
What is matter?
Anything that has mass and occupies space
What is chemistry?
The study of the composition of matter and the changes that matter goes through
What is chemistry also known as?
The central science because it is fundamental to all other sciences
What are the five traditional areas of study in chemistry?
Organic, inorganic, biochemistry, analytical, and physical chemistry
What is pure chemistry?
The pursuit of chemical knowledge for its own sake
What is applied chemistry?
Research that is directed toward a practical goal or application
What are the central themes in chemistry?
chemistry as the central science, electrons and the structure of atoms, bonding and interactions, reactions, kinetic theory, the mole and quantifying matter, matter and energy, and carbon chemistry
What are elements composed of?
Elements are composed of particles called atoms, which is made up of a nucleus and one or more electrons
What is the types of products from chemical reactions determined by?
They are largely determined by the reacting electrons in the chemicals
What is a chemical compound?
A collection of two or more elements held together by relatively strong attractive forces called chemical bonds.
What do chemical bonds do?
They greatly influence the properties of compounds. Weak bonds between the particles of an element/compound can also contribute to the properties of the material
Explain striking a match
The compounds in the match head and oxygen are the reactants and the new compounds are the products.
What is the kinetic theory?
The particles in matter are in constant motion. The ways in which these motions vary with changes in temp. and pressure determine whether a substance is solid, liquid, or gas.
What is the chemist’s invaluable unit for specifying material?
The mole unit
What allows you to predict whether or not a chemical reaction will occur under given conditions?
Changes in a quality called free energy.
