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PEDS > Respiratory 3 > Flashcards

Respiratory 3 Flashcards

1
Q

how to prevent RSV infection

A

-prophylaxis administration of Palirizumab (Synagis)
-IM every 30 days for 5 mos (in Oct) for infants at risk (ie/ if premature or less than 35 wks)
-respiratory synctial virus immune globulin
ie/RespiGam (used prophylactically to prevent RSV in higher risk infants)

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2
Q

describe pneumonia

A
  • infancy or early childhood
  • d/t viral or bacterial infection of foreign body aspiration
  • diagnosed by chest x-ray
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3
Q

s/s of pneumonia

A
  • cough
  • fever
  • abdominal pain
  • headache
  • adventitious breath sounds
  • irritability and poor feeding
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4
Q

treatment of pneumonia

A
  • chest physiotherapy (CPT)
  • cool mist humidifier
  • antipyretics
  • antibiotics (bacterial)
  • encourage coughing
  • encourage fluids PO (stay hydrated)
  • isolation
  • chest tubes -scrape and clean out then tubes if severe
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5
Q

how is clinical pneumonia diagnosed

A
  • auscultation

- NOT with chest x ray

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6
Q

things to remember with pneumonia

A
  • encourgae them to coug
  • sometimes in isolation
  • potential neb treatment (help keep airway open)
  • assess for pain with coughing
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7
Q

where is most pneumonia treated

A
  • at home

- if hospitalized, RR, HR, temp, and pulse ox monitored

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8
Q

what is given for comfort

A

acetaminophen and ibuprofen to help with temp and comfort

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9
Q

goal of pneumonia treatment

A

restore optimal resp function

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10
Q

how to prevent pneumonia

A

immunization (pneumococcal vaccine)

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11
Q

children with HIV have increased risk for ____

A

TB

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12
Q

how are children diagnosed with TB

A
  • PPD (tuberculin skin test)
  • sputum culture (diagnostic)
  • if diagnosed with TB, tested for HIV
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13
Q

s/s of TB

A
  • malaise
  • fever
  • cough
  • weight loss (anorexic)
  • fatigue
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14
Q

medical management of TB

A
  • adequate nutrition
  • chemotherapy
  • general supportive measures
  • prevention of exposure to other infections
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15
Q

drug therapy of TB

A
  • isoniazid (INH)
  • rifampin
  • pyrazinarnide (PZA)
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16
Q

is TB a reportable disease

A

yes

17
Q

who is at risk for TB

A

child who travels, or has family with TB

18
Q

what is important to remember about TB

A

adhere to medicine regimen (up to 6 mos)

19
Q

nursing diagnoses for TB

A
  • effective therapeutic regimen management
  • risk for infection
  • imbalanced nutrition
20
Q

most common chronic disease of childhood

primary cause of school absences

A

asthma

21
Q

asthma causes _________

A

heightened airway reactivity

22
Q

describe the airway of a pt with asthma

A
  • obstruction
  • inflammation
  • hyperreactivity
23
Q

describe an acute reaction (asthma)

A
  • bronchospasm response

- to trigger in 10-20 min

24
Q

describe late response (asthma)

A

-cellular phase of inflammation and airway hyperreactivity

25
Q

what can trigger asthma

A 
exercise (vigorous)
infectious agents
allergens
fragreneces
cigarette smoke
food odors
26
Q

assessment of asthma

A

LOC, RR, color, auscultation (status/wheezing), O2 sat, PaCo2, peak expiratory flow rate, accessory muscle use,

27
Q

asthma classifications

A

mild intermittnet
mild persistent
moderate persistent
severe persistent (can be life threatening)

28
Q

QUICK RELIEF treatment of asthma

A
  • short acting beta 2 agonist bronchodilator (inhaled or oral)
  • corticosteroids (aggressive form, oral is just as effective as IV) Methylprednisolone, prednisone
29
Q

what is the most effective way to take quick relief asthma drugs

A

inhaler is more effective than oral

30
Q

why is an oral corticosteroid a good option also for quick relief asthma drugs

A

starting an IV can be stressful, so oral corticosteroid can be just as effective

PEDS (24 decks)

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