4.2.1 Alcohol properties Flashcards
1
Q
what is the functional group
A
-OH (hydroxyl gp)
2
Q
Name 3 differences in alcohol properties than that of alkanes
A
less volitle (evaporate at room temp) higher melting points greater water solubility
3
Q
Why is there a difference between alcohols and alkanes (bonds)
A
- in alkanes the C-H bond is non polar (due to similar elcetronegativities + it has weak london forces
- alcohols O-H bond is polar ( due to grea diffence in elcronegativity) + its london forces are weak BUT stronger than the alkanes
4
Q
why do alcohols have a high bp
A
this is due to the strong intermolecular H bond (-O-H) and these require more energy than weak london forces
5
Q
how are alchols water soluble
A
a water is able to attach itself to the oxygen in the -OH in an alcohol due to the -OH being polar
6
Q
what happens to solubility as the HC increases in length
A
as the chain increases the solubility decreases
7
Q
what is a primary alcohol
A
when a -OH attaches to 1 C and 3H or 2C and 2 H
8
Q
what is a secondary alcohol
A
When a -OH is attached to 3 C and 1 H
9
Q
what is a tertiary alcohol
A
When the -OH is attached to 4 C and no H
