Morphology

Question 1

Affix

Answer 1

morpheme that is attached to a word stem to form a new word or word form

Question 2

Affixation

Answer 2

morphological process whereby an affix is attached to a root or stem

Question 3

Agglutinating Language

Answer 3

language which words are made up of a linear sequence of distinct morphemes and each component of meaning is represented by its own morpheme

Question 4

Allomorph

Answer 4

when a unit of meaning varies in sound without changing the meaning

Question 5

Alternation

Answer 5

the phenomenon of a morpheme exhibiting variation in its phonological realization

Question 6

Ambiguity

Answer 6

quality of language that makes speech or written text open to multiple interpretations

Question 7

Analytic Language

Answer 7

language that primarily conveys relationships between words in sentences by way of helper words and word order, as opposed to utilizing inflections

Question 8

Bound Morpheme

Answer 8

affixes that must be attached to a word

Question 9

Bound Root

Answer 9

a root which cannot occur as a separate word apart from any other morpheme

Question 10

Closed Lexical Category

Answer 10

smaller category of words in language that do not generally add new words to these categories

Question 11

Compounding

Answer 11

process of word formation that creates compound lexemes

Question 12

Conjunction

Answer 12

linguistic elements that link two or more words, phrases, clauses, or sentences within a larger unit, in such a way that specific semantic relation is established between them

Question 13

Content Morpheme

Answer 13

a root that forms the semantic core of a major class word

Question 14

Content Word

Answer 14

words that have meaning

Question 15

Derivation

Answer 15

formation of a new word or inflectable stem from another word or stem

Question 16

Determiner

Answer 16

word or affix that belongs to a class of noun modifiers that expresses the reference, including quantity of noun

Question 17

Form

Answer 17

meaningful unit of speech

Question 18

Free Morpheme

Answer 18

morpheme that can stand alone as words by themselves

Question 19

Function Morpheme

Answer 19

morpheme which simply modifies the meaning of a word, rather than supplying the root meaning

Question 20

Function Word

Answer 20

words that have little lexical meaning or have ambiguous meaning and express grammatical relationships among other words within a sentence, or specify the attitude or mood of the speaker

Question 21

Fusional Language

Answer 21

language in which one form of a morpheme can simultaneously encode several meanings

Question 22

Hierarchal Structure

Answer 22

a structure in which every entity, except one, is subordinate to a single other entity

Question 23

Homophony

Answer 23

when a set of words are pronounced identically, but have different meanings

Question 24

Incorporation

Answer 24

phenomenon by which a grammatical category forms a compound with its direct object or adverbial modifier, while retaining its original syntactic function

Question 25

Inflix

Answer 25

word element that can be inserted within the base form of a word, rather than at its beginning or end, to create a new word or intensify meaning

Question 26

Inflection

Answer 26

the change in the form of a word to mark such distinctions as tense, person, number, gender, mood, voice, and case

Question 27

Input

Answer 27

the exposure learners have to authentic language in use

Question 28

Lexical Category

Answer 28

the syntactic or morphological behavior of the lexical item in question

Question 29

Lexicon

Answer 29

vocabulary of a person, language, or branch of knowledge

Question 30

Morpheme

Answer 30

the smallest meaningful unit in the grammar of a language

Question 31

Morphology

Answer 31

study of structure of the words and word formation

Question 32

Open Lexical Category

Answer 32

a category where the new word and original word belong to the same category

Question 33

Output

Answer 33

in language acquisition, the language one produces

Question 34

Partial Reduplication

Answer 34

occurs only with bases (root words) which begin with a consonant, involves placing before the base a syllable consisting of the first consonant of the base followed by “e”

Question 35

Polysynthetic Language

Answer 35

language composed of many morphemes

Question 36

Prefix

Answer 36

affix that is joined before a root or stem

Question 37

Preposition

Answer 37

an adposition that occurs before its complement; sits in front of its object

Question 38

Productive

Answer 38

a language that is limitless in its ability to use language to say new things

Question 39

Pronoun

Answer 39

a word that substitutes for a noun or noun phrase

Question 40

Reduplicant

Answer 40

the repeated portion of a word

Question 41

Reduplication

Answer 41

morphological process in which the root or stem of a word or even a whole word is repeated exactly or with a slight change

Question 42

Root

Answer 42

base word or part of the word to which affixes are added

Question 43

Simultaneous Affix

Answer 43

an affix is articulated at the same time as some other affix or affixes in a word’s stem

Question 44

Stem

Answer 44

root or roots of the word, together with any other derivational affixes, to which inflectional affixes are added

Question 45

Suffix

Answer 45

affix which is placed after the stem of a word

Question 46

Suppletion

Answer 46

the replacement of one stem with another, resulting in an allomorph or a morpheme which has no phonological similarity to other allomorphs