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NE Clinical Exam 1 > 11. Histology: Nasal and Oral Cavities > Flashcards

11. Histology: Nasal and Oral Cavities Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of epithelium is respiratory epithelium made out of?

A

Pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium

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2
Q

What are the hallmarks of the respiratory epithelium?

A

Cilia Cilia Cilia

Goblet cells

Thick basement membrane

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3
Q

What are the three regions of the nasal cavity? From superior to inferior?

A

Olfactory region

Respiratory region

Nasal vestibule

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4
Q

What is the function of the nasal cavity?

A

Adjusts the temperature and the humidity of inspired air; surface area is provided by the turbinate bones

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5
Q

These are subject to acute infection after a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract

A

Paranasal sinuses

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6
Q

What kind of epithelium is present in the nasal vestibule?

A

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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7
Q

What lines the paranasal sinuses?

A

Extensions of the respiratory epithelium, psuedostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

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8
Q

What are the hallmarks of the olfactory mucosa?

A

Dramatically thicker

No goblet cells

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9
Q

What is the purpse of the olfactory glands?

A

Emit serous secretion that dissolve odorant molecules which is why the cells do not have goblet cells

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10
Q

What are the types of cells that are involved in the olfactory mucosa?

A

Olfactory receptor cells that allow for the smell to be processed via ligand binding and GPCR signaling

Basal cells that act as stem cells and allow regeneration

Brush cells which are in contact with CN V

Supporting cells which provide support to the olfactory cells

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11
Q

What are the three portions of the oral mucosa?

A
  1. Lining
  2. masticatory
  3. specialized mucosa
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12
Q

What is the lamina propria divided into? (two layers)

A
  1. papillary layer: superficial; neurovasculature
  2. dense layer: deep; dense irregular CT with large amounts of fibers
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13
Q

What kind of epithelium is found in the masticatory mucosa? Where is this found?

A

Keratinized and or parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

hard palate, gingiva, and dorsal surface of the tongue

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14
Q

What are rete ridges and which type of tissue are they found on?

A

They are the “teeth” in the surface of the masticatory mucosa which helps to hold everything in place

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15
Q

Whay type of tissue is found in the lining mucosa? Where in the body is this mucosa found?

A

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

found in the lips, cheeks, alveolar mucosal surfaces, floor of the mouth, inferior surfaces of the tongue, soft palate

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16
Q

What are the three layers that are involved in the lining mucosa?

A
  1. Stratum basale: single layer of cells on the basal lamina
  2. Stratum spinosum: several cells thick
  3. Stratum superficiale: most superficial cells(surface layer)
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17
Q

What types of cells are in the specialized mucosa?

A

Keratinized stratified squamous

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18
Q

What are the types of lingual papilla?

A
  1. filiform papillae
  2. Foliate papillae
  3. Fungiform papillae
  4. Circumvallate papillae
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19
Q

Which lingual papillae have a taste sensation? Which one has the highest amount of taste buds present?

A

Foliate papillae

Fungiform papillae

Circumvallate papillae (has the highest number)

20
Q

Describe the taste bud

A

Has a taste pore, that has 30-80 spindle shaped cells that extend from the basement membrane

sensory cells extend a microvilli out into the pore which will allow for the taste to be noticed, and it goes and synapses with nerves

supporting cells also have microvilli but do not synapse

basal cells are present too that act as stem cells

21
Q

Which nerves are involved in gustation?

A

CN VII, IX, X

22
Q

Describe the palatine tonsils

A

Nonkeratinized stratified swaumous epitelium

has crypts

dense with lymphocytes so that it can fight off infections

23
Q

Describe pharyngeal tonsils

A

Single structure that is covered in pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium with invaginated mucosa but no crypts

24
Q

Describe a lingual tonsil

A

Along the base of the tongue, covered in stratified squamous epithelium and has germinal centers

lacks a capsule

25
Q

Describe the outermost layer of a tooth above and below the gum line

A

Above the gumline is enamel, which is the hardest part in the entire body and is made up of calcium hydroxyapetate

Below the gumline is cementum, which is made up of calcium hydroxyapatite and anchors the tooth into the alveolar bone

26
Q

What is the purpose of the pulp?

A

Provide nutrients to the dentin, which is the main component of the tooth and is similar to bone

27
Q

What is pictured?

A

Respiratory epithelium: pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium

28
Q

What is pictured?

A

Nasal cavity.

29
Q

What is pictured? What kind of epithelium is present here?

A

Nasal vestibule

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

30
Q

What is pictured?

A

Nasal vestibule

31
Q

What is pictured?

A

Respiratory region

32
Q

What is pictured?

A

Respiratory region

33
Q

What is pictured?

A

Olfactory mucosa

34
Q

What are the arrows pointing to?

A

Olfactory glands

35
Q

What is pictured? Where is this found?

A

Masticatory mucosa; hard palate, gingiva, dorsal surface of the tongue

36
Q

What kind of epithelium is found here? Identify the tissue

A

Masticatory mucosa;

keratinized and parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

37
Q

What is pictured?

A

Soft palate; lining mucosa

38
Q

What is pictured?

A

Filiform papillae

39
Q

What is pictured?

A

Foliate papillae

40
Q

What is pictured?

A

Fungiform papillae

41
Q

What is pictured? Yes I know that the word is in the picture-relax

A

cicumvallate papillae

42
Q

What is pictured?

A

Taste bud

43
Q

What is pictured?

A

Tonsil

44
Q

What is pictured?

A

palatine tonsil

45
Q

What is pictured?

A

palatine tonsil

46
Q

From left to right what is pictured?

A

Pink space: alveolar bone

Purple dotted: PDL

Fine white line: cementum

Pink pretty space: dentin

White space

Purple dotted on the far right: pulp

NE Clinical Exam 1 (20 decks)

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