Chapter 8

Question 1

Energy

Answer 1

Ability to do work.

Living things depend on it.

Question 2

Autotrophs

Answer 2

Make their own food.

Question 3

Heterotrophs

Answer 3

Go get their food.

Question 4

What forms can energy come in?

Answer 4

Light, heat, electricity, or stored in chemical bonds.

Question 5

What do living things use?

Answer 5

Living things use chemical fuels to store and release energy by forming or breaking bonds in adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Question 6

ATP=

Answer 6

ADP+Energy

Question 7

What is used through active transport?

Answer 7

Use active transport through the sodium-potassium pump.

Question 8

What does the sodium-potassium pump, pump?

Answer 8

Na+ions out and K+ions in.

Question 9

What does ATP help?

Answer 9

Protein synthesis and nucleic acids, produce light and send chemical signals.

Question 10

Is ATP or Glucose better at storing energy?

Answer 10

Glucose

Question 11

Photosynthesis

Answer 11

Plants use energy from sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into high energy carbohydrates and oxygen.

Question 12

Photosynthesis Formula

Answer 12

6CO2+6H2O+Light > C6H12O6+602

Carbon Dioxide + Water + Light >Glucose + Oxygen

Question 13

What did the experiments show?

Answer 13

Van Helmont’s experiment: Proved water was used in growing plant mass.
Priestley’s experiment: Found out plants release oxygen.
Jan Ingenhousz: Showed light was necessary for plants to produce oxygen.

Question 14

What did the experiments lead to?

Answer 14

The experiments performed led to work by other scientists who finally discovered that in the presence of light, plants transform carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates and release oxygen.

Question 15

What else does photosynthesis require?

Answer 15

Light and chlorophyll in chloroplasts.

Question 16

How do plants gather the sun’s energy?

Answer 16

With light-absorbing molecules called pigments.

Question 17

Thylakoids

Answer 17

Sac-like photosynthetic membranes found in chloroplasts

Question 18

Grana

Answer 18

Arranged in stacks.

Question 19

Photosystems

Answer 19

Proteins organize chlorophyll and their pigments into these.

Question 20

Light-Independent Reaction

Answer 20

Sunlight gives electrons a lot of energy.

Question 21

Electron Transport

Answer 21

Uses carrier electrons.

Question 22

NADP+ accepts and holds what?

Answer 22

NADP+ accepts and holds 2 high energy electrons with an H+.

Question 23

Light-dependent Reactions

Answer 23

Produce oxygen and convert ADP and NADP+ into energy carriers ATP and NADPH.

Question 24

ATP Synthase

Answer 24

Allows H+ions to pass in and out of the cell membrane.

Question 25

Calvin Cycle

Answer 25

Uses ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions to produce high-energy sugars.