Fungi

Question 1

Name the five kingdoms

Answer 1

Monera 
Fungi 
Protista
Plants
Animals

Question 2

What’s involved in Fungi

Answer 2

Rhizopus

Yeast

Question 3

Part of Protista

Answer 3

Ameoba

Question 4

Mycology

Answer 4

Study of fungi

Question 5

Fungi characteristics

Answer 5

Hereotrophic - no chlorophyll 
Reproduce spore 
Made of threads called hyphae 
Cell walls are made of chitin 
Eukaryotic

Question 6

Eukaryotic

Answer 6

Have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

Question 7

Chitin

Answer 7

Cellulose of a plant + a complex polysaccharide

Question 8

Mycelium

Answer 8

Hyphae combined with masses

Question 9

Fungi are either

Answer 9

Parasitic

Saprophytic

Question 10

Parasitic

Answer 10

Athletes foot

Living

Question 11

Saprophytic

Answer 11

Mushroom
Rhizopus 
Dead
Obtain nutrients from dead material
Decomposes

Question 12

Symbiosis

Answer 12

Two species living in close association and have a relationship involving benefit

Question 13

Eg of symbiosis

Answer 13

Lichen

Question 14

Lichen

Answer 14

An organism - combination of fungus and Alga

Indicator species of pollution

Question 15

Poisonous fungi eg

Answer 15

Destroying angel

Question 16

Rhizopus

Answer 16

Thread like structures called Hypha
Haploid
Aseptate (No cross walls)

Question 17

Stolon

Answer 17

Horizontal hypha

Colonises food

Question 18

Rhizoids

Answer 18

Secrets enzymes and absorb digested food

Question 19

Sporongiophores

Answer 19

Stalk of sporongium
Vertical
Hold sporongium which produce spores

Question 20

Columella

Answer 20

Supplies nutrients to the developing spores

Question 21

What inhibits growth of yeast

Answer 21

Cyanide

Question 22

Life cycle of a rhizopus (ASEXUAL)

Answer 22

• Hyphae grow up from the bread
• Form sporongiophores
• Too swells to form sporongium
• Mitosis happens
• Haploid spores are formed
• Sporangium dries up and opens
• Spores release
• Spores land of substrate and grow again

Question 23

Life cycle of rhizopus

SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

Answer 23

Plus and minus strain
Hyphae from opposite strain can grow close together
Swellings grow from both strains (progametangia)
Nucleus move into swellings (gametangia)
Walls dissolve and fertilization takes place forming the diploid zygote nuclei
Zygospore forms around the nuclei
Zygospore germinates by meiosis
Hypha grows out of the zygospore and produces a sporangium at the top - opens releasing haploid spores which grow into new individuals

Question 24

What triggers sexual reproduction

Answer 24

Dehydration/ when conditions are not right

Question 25

Progametangia

Answer 25

Swellings that grow from both strains

Question 26

Gametangia

Answer 26

When the nucleus moves into the swellings

Question 27

Zygospore germinates by..

Answer 27

Meiosis

Question 28

Yeast

Answer 28

Oval shape
Thin cell wall - chitin
1 large vacuole 
Respite anaerobically (without oxygen)
Reproduce by budding

Question 29

Another word for anaerobic respiration

Answer 29

Fermentation

Question 30

What is glucose broken down by and what does it make

Answer 30

Yeast

It makes ethonal and carbon dioxide

Question 31

What does a cell nucleus divide by

Answer 31

Mitosis

Question 32

Beneficial fungi

Answer 32

Yeast can make bread and alcohol

Fungi can be used as a good source - mushrooms

Question 33

Harmful fungi

Answer 33

Attack’s crops - patato blight

Spoil food - rhizopus grows on bread

Question 34

Sterile

Answer 34

All microorganisms are destroyed

Question 35

Aseptic

Answer 35

All pathogenic microorganisms are destroyed

Question 36

Pathogenic

Answer 36

Disease causing organisms

Question 37

Budding

Answer 37

• A small extension is formed on one cell
• This bud enlarges and is filled with cytoplasm
• Cell nucleus divides by mitosis
• One daughter nuclei enters the bud
• Bud enlarges and pinches off

Question 38

Swellings

Answer 38

Progametangia