shoulder and arm

Question 1

what is the axilla

Answer 1

gateway between shoulder and arm which acts as a passageway for nerves and blood and lymph vessels to enter and leave upper limb

Question 2

brachial plexus

Answer 2

roots (formed by anterior rami) -> trunks -> divisions -> cords -> terminal branches (peripheral nerves); C5-T1; pass under clavicle; long thoracic nerve comes off anterior rami roots; subclavian nerve comes off superior trunk of C5,6; pectoral (lateral and medial) nerves; musculocutaneous nerve (medial to arm and forearm), medial nerve (forearm), ulnar nerve, radial nerve

Question 3

largest nervest of brachial plexus

Answer 3

Axillary nerve (C56)
Musculocutaneous nerve (C567)
Ulnar nerve (C8T1)
Median nerve (C678T1)
Radial nerve (C5678T1); posterior muscles of arm and forearm; bang elbow onto ulnar nerve; dislocation of shoulder joint

Question 4

shape of axilla

Answer 4

truncated pyramid

Question 5

what composes the base of the axilla

Answer 5

skin, subcutaneous tissue and fascia extending from arm to chest

Question 6

where does the apex of the axilla lie

Answer 6

between first rib, clavicle and superior border of subscapularis

Question 7

what composes the anterior wall of the axilla

Answer 7

pectoralis major and pectoralis minor

Question 8

what composes the posterior wall of the axilla

Answer 8

scapula and subscapularis superiorly, teres major and latissimus dorsi inferiorly

Question 9

what composes the medial wall of the axilla

Answer 9

chest wall (ribs 1-4), serratus anterior

Question 10

what composes the lateral wall of the axilla

Answer 10

intertubercular groove of humerus

Question 11

4 contents of axilla

Answer 11

arteries (axillary artery and its branches), veins (axillary vein and its tributaries), lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes (important), nerves (infraclavicular part of brachial plexus, long thoracic and intercostobrachial nerves)